ArticleToxicology and applied pharmacology2011
Exposure to tri-o-cresyl phosphate detected in jet airplane passengers.
Article in Toxicology and applied pharmacology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
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Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
- Xenobiotic Hazards in Aircraft Cabin Air.Journal of xenobiotics · 2026Article
- Investigating biomarkers of exposure to jet aircraft oil fumes using mass spectrometry.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- Prolonged Disability following Re-Exposure after Complete Recovery from Aerotoxic Syndrome: A Case Report.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Article
- Health consequences of exposure to aircraft contaminated air and fume events: a narrative review and medical protocol for the investigation of exposed aircrew and passengers.Environmental health : a global access science source · 2023Article
- Article
- Sub-chronic dermal exposure to aircraft engine oils impacts the reproductive organ weights and alters hematological profiles of Sprague Dawley rats.Current research in toxicology · 2020Article
- Neurotoxicity in acute and repeated organophosphate exposure.Toxicology · 2018Review
- Organophosphorus Compounds at 80: Some Old and New Issues.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2018Review
- A high-throughput UHPLC-MS/MS method for the quantification of five aged butyrylcholinesterase biomarkers from human exposure to organophosphorus nerve agents.Biomedical chromatography : BMC · 2017Article
- Mortality from neurodegenerative diseases in a cohort of US flight attendants.American journal of industrial medicine · 2016Article
- Quantitation of ortho-cresyl phosphate adducts to butyrylcholinesterase in human serum by immunomagnetic-UHPLC-MS/MS.Journal of mass spectrometry : JMS · 2015Article
- Aircraft engine exhaust emissions and other airport-related contributions to ambient air pollution: A review.Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994) · 2014Review
- Detection of cresyl phosphate-modified butyrylcholinesterase in human plasma for chemical exposure associated with aerotoxic syndrome.Analytical biochemistry · 2014Article
- Review
- Mass spectrometry method to identify aging pathways of Sp- and Rp-tabun adducts on human butyrylcholinesterase based on the acid labile P-N bond.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2013Article
- Proteomic analysis of adducted butyrylcholinesterase for biomonitoring organophosphorus exposures.Chemico-biological interactions · 2013Article
- Identifying safer anti-wear triaryl phosphate additives for jet engine lubricants.Chemico-biological interactions · 2013Article
- Cresyl saligenin phosphate makes multiple adducts on free histidine, but does not form an adduct on histidine 438 of human butyrylcholinesterase.Chemico-biological interactions · 2013Article
- Catalytic detoxification of nerve agent and pesticide organophosphates by butyrylcholinesterase assisted with non-pyridinium oximes.The Biochemical journal · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The aircraft cabin and flight deck ventilation are supplied from partially compressed unfiltered bleed air directly from the engine. Worn or defective engine seals can result in the release of engine oil into the cabin air supply. Aircrew and passengers have complained of illness following such "fume events". Adverse health effects are hypothesized to result from exposure to tricresyl phosphate mixed esters, a chemical added to jet engine oil and hydraulic fluid for its anti-wear properties. Our goal was to develop a laboratory test for exposure to tricresyl phosphate. The assay was based on the fact that the active-site serine of butyrylcholinesterase reacts with the active metabolite of tri-o-cresyl phosphate, cresyl saligenin phosphate, to make a stable phosphorylated adduct with an added mass of 80 Da. No other organophosphorus agent makes this adduct in vivo on butyrylcholinesterase. Blood samples from jet airplane passengers were obtained 24-48 h after completing a flight. Butyrylcholinesterase was partially purified from 25 ml serum or plasma, digested with pepsin, enriched for phosphorylated peptides by binding to titanium oxide, and analyzed by mass spectrometry. Of 12 jet airplane passengers tested, 6 were positive for exposure to tri-o-cresyl phosphate that is, they had detectable amounts of the phosphorylated peptide FGEpSAGAAS. The level of exposure was very low. No more than 0.05 to 3% of plasma butyrylcholinesterase was modified. None of the subjects had toxic symptoms. Four of the positive subjects were retested 3 to 7 months following their last airplane trip and were found to be negative for phosphorylated butyrylcholinesterase. In conclusion, this is the first report of an assay that detects exposure to tri-o-cresyl phosphate in jet airplane travelers.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.