ReviewRetrovirology2011
The role of unintegrated DNA in HIV infection.
Review in Retrovirology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 97 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
97 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 144 citations in OpenAlex.
- HIV Genome-Wide Protein Associations: a Review of 30 Years of Research.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2016Pooled it
- Trial
- The HIV-1 restriction factor RPRD2 does not inhibit transcription of HIV-1 or endogenous retroelements.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Undetectable unintegrated HIV-DNA in persons with HIV: frequency and determinants.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Dynamics of antiretroviral restriction factor expression in sheep naturally infected with Small ruminant lentivirus (SRLV).Archives of virology · 2026Article
- Dynamics of HIV reservoirs following repeated anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- High-resolution HIV-1 mNAR genomics and bioinformatics · 2025Article
- Elucidating the mechanism by which HIV-1 nucleocapsid mutations confer resistance to integrase strand transfer inhibitors.Science advances · 2025Article
- Determinants of human versus mosquito cell entry by the Chikungunya virus envelope proteins.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Elucidating the Mechanism by Which HIV-1 Nucleocapsid Mutations Confer Resistance to Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitors.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- The role of genetic diversity, epigenetic regulation, and sex-based differences in HIV cure research: a comprehensive review.Epigenetics & chromatin · 2025Review
- A new class of capsid-targeting inhibitors that specifically block HIV-1 nuclear import.EMBO molecular medicine · 2024Article
- HIV-1 control in vivo is related to the number but not the fraction of infected cells with viral unspliced RNA.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- Review
- HIV-1 control in vivo is related to the number but not the fraction of infected cells with viral unspliced RNA.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- An HTLV-1 envelope mRNA vaccine is immunogenic and protective in New Zealand rabbits.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- POLE3 is a repressor of unintegrated HIV-1 DNA required for efficient virus integration and escape from innate immune sensing.Science advances · 2023Article
- DNA ultra-sensitive quantification, a technology for studying HIV unintegrated linear DNA.Cell reports methods · 2023Article
- Review
- Article
37 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Integration of the reverse transcribed viral genome into host chromatin is the hallmark of retroviral replication. Yet, during natural HIV infection, various unintegrated viral DNA forms exist in abundance. Though linear viral cDNA is the precursor to an integrated provirus, increasing evidence suggests that transcription and translation of unintegrated DNAs prior to integration may aid productive infection through the expression of early viral genes. Additionally, unintegrated DNA has the capacity to result in preintegration latency, or to be rescued and yield productive infection and so unintegrated DNA, in some circumstances, may be considered to be a viral reservoir. Recently, there has been interest in further defining the role and function of unintegrated viral DNAs, in part because the use of anti-HIV integrase inhibitors leads to an abundance of unintegrated DNA, but also because of the potential use of non-integrating lentiviral vectors in gene therapy and vaccines. There is now increased understanding that unintegrated viral DNA can either arise from, or be degraded through, interactions with host DNA repair enzymes that may represent a form of host antiviral defence. This review focuses on the role of unintegrated DNA in HIV infection and additionally considers the potential implications for antiviral therapy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.