Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21715526›Full record

Trial reportDiabetes care2011

Nuts as a replacement for carbohydrates in the diabetic diet.

David J A Jenkins, Cyril W C Kendall, Monica S Banach, Korbua Srichaikul, Edward Vidgen, Sandy Mitchell, Tina Parker, Stephanie Nishi, Balachandran Bashyam, Russell de Souza and 2 more

Retracted 2 registry-linked trialsOpen access · hybridAbstract readRandomized Controlled TrialRetracted Publication
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Diabetes care, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 39 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
39citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
7.0field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01630980 completednot on this mapstarted 2012, after this paper: background citation

Effect of Tree Nuts on Glycemic Control and Features of the Metabolic Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Controlled Dietary Trials to Provide Evidence-based Guidance for Nutrition Guidelines Development

TypeobservationalSponsorJohn SievenpiperRan2012 to 2014Enrolled1ConditionsDiabetes, Prediabetes, Dysglycemia, OverweightArmsTree nuts
NCT02400450 nawithdrawnnot on this mapstarted 2016, after this paper: background citation

Assessment of Designer Functional Foods on Parameters of Metabolic and Vascular Status in Individuals With Prediabetes.

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of ManitobaRan2016 to 2017Enrolled0ConditionsPre-DiabetesArmsFunctional Ingredient Group, Control Ingredient Group
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

39 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 109 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
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  5. Nut consumption for the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2015
    Pooled it
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  8. Trial
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  13. Trial
  14. Believe It or 'Nutrients · 2023
    Review
  15. Observational
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

David J A JenkinsSt. Michael's Hospital Toronto, Toronto,Ontario, Canada.
Cyril W C Kendall
Monica S Banach
Korbua Srichaikul
Edward Vidgen
Sandy Mitchell
Tina Parker
Stephanie Nishi
Balachandran Bashyam
Russell de Souza
Christopher Ireland
Robert G Josse
St. Michael's Hospital · CAUniversity of Toronto · CAUniversity of Saskatchewan · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveFat intake, especially monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA), has been liberalized in diabetic diets to preserve HDL cholesterol and improve glycemic control, yet the exact sources have not been clearly defined. Therefore, we assessed the effect of mixed nut consumption as a source of vegetable fat on serum lipids and HbA(1c) in type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND

methodsA total of 117 type 2 diabetic subjects were randomized to one of three treatments for 3 months. Supplements were provided at 475 kcal per 2,000-kcal diet as mixed nuts (75 g/day), muffins, or half portions of both. The primary outcome was change in HbA(1c).

resultsThe relative increase in MUFAs was 8.7% energy on the full-nut dose compared with muffins. Using an intention-to-treat analysis (n = 117), full-nut dose (mean intake 73 g/day) reduced HbA(1c) (-0.21% absolute HbA(1c) units, 95% CI -0.30 to -0.11, P < 0.001) with no change after half-nut dose or muffin. Full-nut dose was significantly different from half-nut dose (P = 0.004) and muffin (P = 0.001), but no difference was seen between half-nut dose and muffins. LDL cholesterol also decreased significantly after full-nut dose compared with muffin. The LDL cholesterol reduction after half-nut dose was intermediate and not significantly different from the other treatments. Apolipoprotein (apo) B and the apoB:apoA1 ratio behaved similarly. Nut intake related negatively to changes in HbA(1c) (r = -0.20, P = 0.033) and LDL cholesterol (r = -0.24, P = 0.011).

conclusionsTwo ounces of nuts daily as a replacement for carbohydrate foods improved both glycemic control and serum lipids in type 2 diabetes.

Indexed as

Diet, DiabeticNutsAgedBlood GlucoseCholesterol, LDLDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Dietary CarbohydratesFemaleGlycated HemoglobinHumansMaleMiddle AgedBlood GlucoseCholesterol, LDLDietary CarbohydratesGlycated Hemoglobin

Identifiers

PMID21715526
PMCPMC3142027
OpenAlexW2139708347

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.