ArticleJournal of virology2011
Comparative evolution of GII.3 and GII.4 norovirus over a 31-year period.
Article in Journal of virology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 77 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
77 citing papers in PubMed, 150 citations in OpenAlex.
- Noroviruses as a Cause of Diarrhea in Immunocompromised Pediatric Hematopoietic Stem Cell and Solid Organ Transplant Recipients.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2015Trial
- Phylogenetic Analyses ofMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Increased GII.3[P12] norovirus outbreaks and viral whole genome analysis in Beijing, China during 2021 and 2023.Gut pathogens · 2025Article
- Molecular Epidemiology of Norovirus Outbreaks in Childcare Centers and Schools in South Korea in 2023.Journal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2025Article
- INTRA- AND INTER-HOST EVOLUTION OF HUMAN NOROVIRUS IN HEALTHY ADULTS.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Article
- Biological Specimen Banking as a Time Capsule to Explore the Temporal Dynamics of Norovirus Epidemiology.Viruses · 2023Article
- Norovirus-Associated Gastroenteritis Vesikari Score and Pre-Existing Salivary IgA in Young Children from Rural South Africa.Viruses · 2023Article
- Genetic characterization of rarely reported GII.3[P25] norovirus strain detected in patients with acute gastroenteritis in Huzhou, China, 2021.Virologica Sinica · 2023Article
- Influence of herd immunity on norovirus: a long-term field study of repeated viral gastroenteritis outbreaks at the same facilities.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Genomic stratification and differential natural selection signatures among human norovirus genogroup II isolates.Archives of virology · 2022Article
- Secretor Status Strongly Influences the Incidence of Symptomatic Norovirus Infection in a Genotype-Dependent Manner in a Nicaraguan Birth Cohort.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Epidemiological characteristics and genetic diversity of norovirus infections among outpatient children with diarrhea under 5 years of age in Beijing, China, 2011-2018.Gut pathogens · 2021Article
- Benchmarking different approaches for Norovirus genome assembly in metagenome samples.BMC genomics · 2021Article
- Article
- Article
- Identification and Characterization of Human Norovirus NTPase Regions Required for Lipid Droplet Localization, Cellular Apoptosis, and Interaction with the Viral P22 Protein.Microbiology spectrum · 2021Article
- Review
- Prolonged norovirus infections correlate to quasispecies evolution resulting in structural changes of surface-exposed epitopes.iScience · 2021Article
- Molecular epidemiology and genetic diversity of norovirus among hospitalized children with acute gastroenteritis in Tianjin, China, 2018-2020.BMC infectious diseases · 2021Article
17 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Noroviruses are the most common cause of epidemic gastroenteritis. Genotype II.3 is one of the most frequently detected noroviruses associated with sporadic infections. We studied the evolution of the major capsid gene from seven archival GII.3 noroviruses collected during a cross-sectional study at the Children's Hospital in Washington, DC, from 1975 through 1991, together with capsid sequence from 56 strains available in GenBank. Evolutionary analysis concluded that GII.3 viruses evolved at a rate of 4.16 × 10(-3) nucleotide substitutions/site/year (strict clock), which is similar to that described for the more prevalent GII.4 noroviruses. The analysis of the amino acid changes over the 31-year period found that GII.3 viruses evolve at a relatively steady state, maintaining 4% distance, and have a tendency to revert back to previously used residues while preserving the same carbohydrate binding profile. In contrast, GII.4 viruses demonstrate increasing rates of distance over time because of the continued integration of new amino acids and changing HBGA binding patterns. In GII.3 strains, seven sites acting under positive selection were predicted to be surface-exposed residues in the P2 domain, in contrast to GII.4 positively selected sites located primarily in the shell domain. Our study suggests that GII.3 noroviruses caused disease as early as 1975 and that they evolve via a specific pattern, responding to selective pressures induced by the host rather than presenting a nucleotide evolution rate lower than that of GII.4 noroviruses, as previously proposed. Understanding the evolutionary dynamics of prevalent noroviruses is relevant to the development of effective prevention and control strategies.
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