ArticleJournal of virology2011
Gene N proximal and distal RNA motifs regulate coronavirus nucleocapsid mRNA transcription.
Article in Journal of virology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Extra gene coding capacity of SARS-CoV-2 provides a virus engineering platform for in vitro and in vivo applications.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- RNA Folding Energy of Long-Range Genomic Interactions Regulates Discontinuous Transcription in SARS-CoV-2.Viruses · 2026Article
- Molecular mechanisms of human coronavirus NL63 infection and replication.Virus research · 2023Review
- Classification, replication, and transcription ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
- Variant-Specific Analysis Reveals a Novel Long-Range RNA-RNA Interaction in SARS-CoV-2 Orf1a.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- The Short- and Long-Range RNA-RNA Interactome of SARS-CoV-2.Molecular cell · 2020Article
- Activation of viral transcription by stepwise largescale folding of an RNA virus genome.Nucleic acids research · 2020Article
- Evaluation of a recombination-resistant coronavirus as a broadly applicable, rapidly implementable vaccine platform.Communications biology · 2018Article
- Continuous and Discontinuous RNA Synthesis in Coronaviruses.Annual review of virology · 2015Review
- Transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) infection alters the expression of cellular microRNA species that affect transcription of TGEV gene 7.International journal of biological sciences · 2015Article
- The nucleocapsid protein of human coronavirus NL63.PloS one · 2015Article
- Nucleocapsid phosphorylation and RNA helicase DDX1 recruitment enables coronavirus transition from discontinuous to continuous transcription.Cell host & microbe · 2014Article
- Article
- Functional long-range RNA-RNA interactions in positive-strand RNA viruses.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2014Review
- Transmissible gastroenteritis coronavirus genome packaging signal is located at the 5' end of the genome and promotes viral RNA incorporation into virions in a replication-independent process.Journal of virology · 2013Article
- Identification of a noncanonically transcribed subgenomic mRNA of infectious bronchitis virus and other gammacoronaviruses.Journal of virology · 2013Article
- Global organization of a positive-strand RNA virus genome.PLoS pathogens · 2013Article
- Long-distance RNA-RNA interactions in the coronavirus genome form high-order structures promoting discontinuous RNA synthesis during transcription.Journal of virology · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Coronavirus subgenomic mRNA (sgmRNA) transcription requires a discontinuous RNA synthesis mechanism driven by the transcription-regulating sequences (TRSs), located at the 3' end of the genomic leader (TRS-L) and also preceding each gene (TRS-B). In transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), the free energy of TRS-L and cTRS-B (complement of TRS-B) duplex formation is one of the factors regulating the transcription of sgmRNAs. In addition, N gene sgmRNA transcription is controlled by a transcription-regulating motif, including a long-distance RNA-RNA interaction between complementary proximal and distal elements. The extension of complementarity between these two sequences increased N gene transcription. An active domain, a novel essential component of the transcription-regulating motif, has been identified. The active domain primary sequence was necessary for its activity. Relocation of the active domain upstream of the N gene TRS core sequence in the absence of the proximal and distal elements also enhanced sgmRNA N transcription. According to the proposed working model for N gene transcriptional activation, the long-distance RNA-RNA interaction relocates the distant active domain in close proximity with the N gene TRS, which probably increases the frequency of template switching during the synthesis of negative RNA. The transcription-regulating motif has been optimized to a minimal sequence showing a 4-fold activity increase in relation to the native RNA motif. Full-length TGEV infectious viruses were generated with the optimized transcription-regulating motif, which enhanced by 5-fold the transcription of the 3a gene and can be used in expression vectors based in coronavirus genomes.
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