ArticleJournal of virology2011
Prototype foamy virus gag nuclear localization: a novel pathway among retroviruses.
Article in Journal of virology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers.
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Who cites it
42 citing papers in PubMed, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Functional dissection of the prototype foamy virus glycoprotein heparan sulfate binding site.Retrovirology · 2026Article
- Article
- Timed chromatin invasion during mitosis governs prototype foamy virus integration site selection and infectivity.Nucleic acids research · 2025Article
- Comparative analysis of retroviral Gag-host cell interactions: focus on the nuclear interactome.Retrovirology · 2024Article
- Comparative analysis of retroviral Gag-host cell interactions: focus on the nuclear interactome.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- ZNF219, a novel transcriptional repressor, inhibits transcription of the prototype foamy virus by interacting with the viral LTR promoter.Virus research · 2023Article
- Efficient production of inhibitor-free foamy virus glycoprotein-containing retroviral vectors by proteoglycan-deficient packaging cells.Molecular therapy. Methods & clinical development · 2022Article
- Review
- Trim28 acts as restriction factor of prototype foamy virus replication by modulating H3K9me3 marks and destabilizing the viral transactivator Tas.Retrovirology · 2021Article
- Review
- Retroviral integrase: Structure, mechanism, and inhibition.The Enzymes · 2021Article
- Novel Host Protein TBC1D16, a GTPase Activating Protein of Rab5C, Inhibits Prototype Foamy Virus Replication.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- HIV-1 Gag Forms Ribonucleoprotein Complexes with Unspliced Viral RNA at Transcription Sites.Viruses · 2020Article
- Foamy Virus Integrase in Development of Viral Vector for Gene Therapy.Journal of microbiology and biotechnology · 2020Review
- Visualizing Association of the Retroviral Gag Protein with Unspliced Viral RNA in the Nucleus.mBio · 2020Article
- The invariant arginine within the chromatin-binding motif regulates both nucleolar localization and chromatin binding of Foamy virus Gag.Retrovirology · 2018Article
- Murine leukemia virus p12 tethers the capsid-containing pre-integration complex to chromatin by binding directly to host nucleosomes in mitosis.PLoS pathogens · 2018Article
- Structural basis for spumavirus GAG tethering to chromatin.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2017Article
- Prototype foamy virus elicits complete autophagy involving the ER stress-related UPR pathway.Retrovirology · 2017Article
- Structure of a Spumaretrovirus Gag Central Domain Reveals an Ancient Retroviral Capsid.PLoS pathogens · 2016Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Gag nuclear localization has long been recognized as a hallmark of foamy virus (FV) infection. Two required motifs, a chromatin-binding site (CBS) and a nuclear localization signal (NLS), both located in glycine-arginine-rich box II (GRII), have been described. However, the underlying mechanisms of Gag nuclear translocation are largely unknown. We analyzed prototype FV (PFV) Gag nuclear localization using a novel live-cell fluorescence microscopy assay. Furthermore, we characterized the nuclear localization route of Gag mutants tagged with the simian vacuolating virus 40-NLS (SV40-NLS) and also dissected the respective contributions of the CBS and the NLS. We found that PFV Gag does not translocate to the nucleus of interphase cells by NLS-mediated nuclear import and does not possess a functional NLS. PFV Gag nuclear localization occurred only by tethering to chromatin during mitosis. This mechanism was found for endogenously expressed Gag as well as for Gag delivered by infecting viral particles. Thereby, the CBS was absolutely essential, while the NLS was dispensable. Gag CBS-dependent nuclear localization was neither essential for infectivity nor necessary for Pol encapsidation. Interestingly, Gag localization was independent of the presence of Pol, Env, and viral RNA. The addition of a heterologous SV40-NLS resulted in the nuclear import of PFV Gag in interphase cells, rescued the nuclear localization deficiency but not the infectivity defect of a PFV Gag ΔGRII mutant, and did not enhance FV's ability to infect G(1)/S-phase-arrested cells. Thus, PFV Gag nuclear localization follows a novel pathway among orthoretroviral Gag proteins.
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