Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21712975›Full record

ReviewDeutsches Arzteblatt international2011

The diagnosis and treatment of autoimmune blistering skin diseases.

Enno Schmidt, Detlef Zillikens

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Deutsches Arzteblatt international, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 37 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
37citing papers in PubMed
4.6field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

37 citing papers in PubMed, 95 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Bullous Pemphigoid Mimicking Infection in a Diabetic Foot: A Diagnostic Challenge.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2026
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Senear-Usher syndrome in a 5-year-old girl.Postepy dermatologii i alergologii · 2024
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Bullous pemphigoid induced by the AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine.Annales de dermatologie et de venereologie · 2022
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. [Corneal alterations in eyelid diseases].Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft · 2020
    Article
  13. Resolution in bullous pemphigoid.Seminars in immunopathology · 2019
    Review
  14. [Therapy of pemphigus].Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, und verwandte Gebiete · 2019
    Review
  15. [Linear IgA bullous dermatosis].Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, und verwandte Gebiete · 2019
    Review
  16. [Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita].Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, und verwandte Gebiete · 2019
    Review
  17. [Autoimmune blistering dermatoses in children].Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, und verwandte Gebiete · 2019
    Review
  18. [Autoimmune bullous dermatoses : Update on treatments and rare forms].Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, und verwandte Gebiete · 2019
    Article
  19. [Immunoadsorption in dermatology].Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, und verwandte Gebiete · 2019
    Review
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Enno SchmidtExzellenzzentrum für Entzündungsmedizin, Klinik für Dermatologie, Allergologie und Venerologie, Universität zu Lübeck. enno.schmidt@uk-sh.de
Detlef Zillikens
Medizinisches Laserzentrum Lübeck (Germany) · DE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAutoimmune blistering skin diseases are a heterogeneous group of disorders associated with autoantibodies that are directed against desmosomal structural proteins (in pemphigus diseases) or hemidesmosomal ones (in pemphigoid diseases and epidermolysis bullosa acquisita), or else against epidermal/ tissue transglutaminases (in dermatitis herpetiformis). Knowledge of the clinical presentation of these disorders and of the relevant diagnostic procedures is important not just for dermatologists, but also for general practitioners, ophthalmologists, ENT specialists, dentists, gynecologists, and pediatricians.

methodsThe literature on the subject was selectively reviewed. There are no existing guidelines available in Germany.

resultsThe recently developed sensitive and specific assays for circulating autoantibodies in these diseases now enable a serological diagnosis in about 90% of cases. The incidence of autoimmune blistering skin diseases in Germany has doubled in the last 10 years, to a current figure of about 25 new cases per million persons per year, because of improved diagnostic techniques as well as the aging of the population. Accurate and specific diagnosis is the prerequisite for reliable prognostication and appropriate treatment. For severe and intractable cases, more effective treatments have recently become available, including immunoadsorption, high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin, the anti-CD20 antibody rituximab, and combinations of the above.

conclusionThe diagnostic assessment of autoimmune blistering skin diseases can be expected to improve in the near future as new serological testing systems are developed that employ recombinant forms of the target antigens. The treatments currently in use still need to be validated by prospective, controlled trials.

Indexed as

Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-DerivedAutoantibodiesAutoantigensAutoimmune DiseasesCross-Sectional StudiesEuropeHumansImmunization, PassiveImmunologic FactorsImmunosorbent TechniquesRituximabSkin Diseases, VesiculobullousAntibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-DerivedAutoantibodiesAutoantigensImmunologic FactorsRituximab

Identifiers

PMID21712975
PMCPMC3123771
OpenAlexW2123488091

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.