SynthesisBMJ clinical evidence2011
Herniated lumbar disc.
Synthesis in BMJ clinical evidence, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Comparison of chemonucleolysis and discectomy in the management of lumbar disc herniation: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.Neurosurgical review · 2025Pooled it
- Trial
- Effect of Stabilization Exercises Added to Routine Physiotherapy on Trunk Muscle Dimensions, Pain, Disability, and Lumbar Range of Motion in Patients With Unilateral Lumbar Disc Protrusion: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Automated detection of lumbar disc herniation at L4-L5 and L5-S1 levels on sagittal MRI using a YOLO-based deep learning model.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026Article
- Interleukin-Mediated Inflammatory Pathways and Nerve Injury in Lumbar Disc Herniation: A Narrative Review.International journal of general medicine · 2026Review
- Mid-term follow-up of far lateral microdiscectomy-surgical technique, outcomes and reoperation rates.Journal of spine surgery (Hong Kong) · 2025Article
- Real-world treatment patterns and management gaps of lumbar disc herniation in the United States.North American Spine Society journal · 2025Article
- Review of Recent Treatment Strategies for Lumbar Disc Herniation (LDH) Focusing on Nonsurgical and Regenerative Therapies.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Clinical research on the effectiveness and safety of Uchasingihwan for low back pain with radiculopathy caused by herniated intervertebral disc of the lumbar spine: A multicenter, randomized, controlled equivalence trial.Integrative medicine research · 2024Article
- Prognostic factors for patient-reported satisfaction after percutaneous lumbar endoscopic discectomy at a minimum of two years' follow-Up.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Spontaneous regression of lumbar disc herniation: four cases report and review of the literature.Nagoya journal of medical science · 2024Review
- Database analysis comparing incidence and complication rates between inpatient and outpatient laminotomies for lumbar disc herniation.North American Spine Society journal · 2024Article
- Evodiamine ameliorates intervertebral disc degeneration through the Nrf2 and MAPK pathways.Cytotechnology · 2024Article
- Understanding the etiopathogenesis of lumbar intervertebral disc herniation: From clinical evidence to basic scientific research.JOR spine · 2024Review
- A novel missense COL9A3 variant in a pedigree with multiple lumbar disc herniation.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2024Article
- Evaluation of the efficacy of a novel lumbar exoskeleton with multiple interventions for patients with lumbar disc herniation: a multicenter randomized controlled trial of non-inferiority.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2024Article
- Effectiveness of postsurgical rehabilitation following lumbar disc herniation surgery: A systematic review.Brain & spine · 2024Review
- Article
- Initial learning curve after switching to uniportal endoscopic discectomy for lumbar disc herniations.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2023Article
- Transforaminal Injections of Platelet-Rich Plasma Compared with Steroid in Lumbar radiculopathy: A Prospective, Double-Blind Randomized Study.Indian journal of orthopaedics · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionHerniated lumbar disc is a displacement of disc material (nucleus pulposus or annulus fibrosis) beyond the intervertebral disc space. The highest prevalence is among people aged 30 to 50 years, with a male to female ratio of 2:1. There is little evidence to suggest that drug treatments are effective in treating herniated disc. METHODS AND OUTCOMES: We conducted a systematic review and aimed to answer the following clinical questions: What are the effects of drug treatments, non-drug treatments, and surgery for herniated lumbar disc? We searched: Medline, Embase, The Cochrane Library, and other important databases up to June 2010 (Clinical Evidence reviews are updated periodically; please check our website for the most up-to-date version of this review). We included harms alerts from relevant organisations such as the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the UK Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA).
resultsWe found 37 systematic reviews, RCTs, or observational studies that met our inclusion criteria. We performed a GRADE evaluation of the quality of evidence for interventions.
conclusionsIn this systematic review, we present information relating to the effectiveness and safety of the following interventions: acupuncture, advice to stay active, analgesics, antidepressants, bed rest, corticosteroids (epidural injections), cytokine inhibitors (infliximab), discectomy (automated percutaneous, laser, microdiscectomy, standard), exercise therapy, heat, ice, massage, muscle relaxants, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), percutaneous disc decompression, spinal manipulation, and traction.
Indexed as
Identifiers
21711958PMC3275148What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.