ArticleThe American journal of pathology2011
Expression of endoplasmic reticulum stress proteins is a candidate marker of brain metastasis in both ErbB-2+ and ErbB-2- primary breast tumors.
Article in The American journal of pathology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Crucial microRNAs and genes of human primary breast cancer explored by microRNA-mRNA integrated analysis.Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine · 2015Pooled it
- Exploring the prognostic role and expression patterns of FAM3A family genes in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in the Brain Tumor Immune Microenvironment.Molecular cancer research : MCR · 2023Article
- Fn14-Directed DART Nanoparticles Selectively Target Neoplastic Cells in Preclinical Models of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Brain Metastasis.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Cell Surface GRP94 as a Novel Emerging Therapeutic Target for Monoclonal Antibody Cancer Therapy.Cells · 2021Review
- Molecular Chaperone GRP94/GP96 in Cancers: Oncogenesis and Therapeutic Target.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Review
- GRP94 promotes brain metastasis by engaging pro-survival autophagy.Neuro-oncology · 2020Article
- Review
- Decreased nonspecific adhesivity, receptor-targeted therapeutic nanoparticles for primary and metastatic breast cancer.Science advances · 2020Article
- GRP94 Is Involved in the Lipid Phenotype of Brain Metastatic Cells.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Article
- The clinical and prognostic evaluation of GRP94 immunoexpression in Caucasian patients with colorectal adenocarcinoma.Przeglad gastroenterologiczny · 2019Article
- A Multi-Cohort and Multi-Omics Meta-Analysis Framework to Identify Network-Based Gene Signatures.Frontiers in genetics · 2019Article
- Predictive and Prognostic Brain Metastases Assessment in Luminal Breast Cancer Patients: FN14 and GRP94 from Diagnosis to Prophylaxis.Frontiers in oncology · 2017Article
- Reactive Astrocytes in Brain Metastasis.Frontiers in oncology · 2017Review
- Construction and analysis of protein-protein interaction networks based on proteomics data of prostate cancer.International journal of molecular medicine · 2016Article
- Endoplasmic Reticulum-resident Heat Shock Protein 90 (HSP90) Isoform Glucose-regulated Protein 94 (GRP94) Regulates Cell Polarity and Cancer Cell Migration by Affecting Intracellular Transport.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2016Article
- Biological Networks for Cancer Candidate Biomarkers Discovery.Cancer informatics · 2016Review
- FN14 and GRP94 expression are prognostic/predictive biomarkers of brain metastasis outcome that open up new therapeutic strategies.Oncotarget · 2015Article
- Intrinsic cancer subtypes--next steps into personalized medicine.Cellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2015Review
- FN14 expression correlates with MET in NSCLC and promotes MET-driven cell invasion.Clinical & experimental metastasis · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The increasing incidence of breast cancer brain metastasis in patients with otherwise well-controlled systemic cancer is a key challenge in cancer research. It is necessary to understand the properties of brain-tropic tumor cells to identify patients at risk for brain metastasis. Here we attempt to identify functional phenotypes that might enhance brain metastasis. To obtain an accurate classification of brain metastasis proteins, we mapped organ-specific brain metastasis gene expression signatures onto an experimental protein-protein interaction network based on brain metastatic cells. Thirty-seven proteins were differentially expressed between brain metastases and non-brain metastases. Analysis of metastatic tissues, the use of bioinformatic approaches, and the characterization of protein expression in tumors with or without metastasis identified candidate markers. A multivariate analysis based on stepwise logistic regression revealed GRP94, FN14, and inhibin as the best combination to discriminate between brain and non-brain metastases (ROC AUC = 0.85, 95% CI = 0.73 to 0.96 for the combination of the three proteins). These markers substantially improve the discrimination of brain metastasis compared with ErbB-2 alone (AUC = 0.76, 95% CI = 0.60 to 0.93). Furthermore, GRP94 was a better negative marker (LR = 0.16) than ErbB-2 (LR = 0.42). We conclude that, in breast carcinomas, certain proteins associated with the endoplasmic reticulum stress phenotype are candidate markers of brain metastasis.
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