Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21705644›Full record

ArticleThe Plant cell2011

Evolution of C4 photosynthesis in the genus Flaveria: how many and which genes does it take to make C4?

Udo Gowik, Andrea Bräutigam, Katrin L Weber, Andreas P M Weber, Peter Westhoff

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Plant cell, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 99 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
99citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

99 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Faster relaxation of nonphotochemical quenching in C4 than in C3 species.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
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  10. Evolution of plant metabolism: the state-of-the-art.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2024
    Review
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  19. Evolution of gene regulatory network of CPlant communications · 2023
    Article
  20. Frontiers in plant science · 2023
    Article

39 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Udo GowikInstitute of Plant Molecular and Developmental Biology, Heinrich-Heine-University, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany. gowik@uni-duesseldorf.de
Andrea Bräutigam
Katrin L Weber
Andreas P M Weber
Peter Westhoff

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Selective pressure exerted by a massive decline in atmospheric CO(2) levels 55 to 40 million years ago promoted the evolution of a novel, highly efficient mode of photosynthetic carbon assimilation known as C(4) photosynthesis. C(4) species have concurrently evolved multiple times in a broad range of plant families, and this multiple and parallel evolution of the complex C(4) trait indicates a common underlying evolutionary mechanism that might be elucidated by comparative analyses of related C(3) and C(4) species. Here, we use mRNA-Seq analysis of five species within the genus Flaveria, ranging from C(3) to C(3)-C(4) intermediate to C(4) species, to quantify the differences in the transcriptomes of closely related plant species with varying degrees of C(4)-associated characteristics. Single gene analysis defines the C(4) cycle enzymes and transporters more precisely and provides new candidates for yet unknown functions as well as identifies C(4) associated pathways. Molecular evidence for a photorespiratory CO(2) pump prior to the establishment of the C(4) cycle-based CO(2) pump is provided. Cluster analysis defines the upper limit of C(4)-related gene expression changes in mature leaves of Flaveria as 3582 alterations.

Indexed as

Biological EvolutionAmino AcidsCarbonCarbon CycleCarbon DioxideCarbon IsotopesChloroplastsCluster AnalysisElectron TransportFlaveriaGene ExpressionGene Expression Regulation, PlantNitrogenPhotosynthesisPhylogenyPlant LeavesAmino AcidsCarbonCarbon DioxideCarbon IsotopesNitrogenPlant ProteinsRibulose-Bisphosphate Carboxylase

Identifiers

PMID21705644
PMCPMC3160039

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.