ArticleCirculation. Heart failure2011
Iron deficiency in community-dwelling US adults with self-reported heart failure in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III: prevalence and associations with anemia and inflammation.
Article in Circulation. Heart failure, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 93 citations in OpenAlex.
- Iron deficiency and cardiovascular disease: an updated review of the evidence.Current atherosclerosis reports · 2013Pooled it
- The effect of intravenous ferric carboxymaltose on health-related quality of life in patients with chronic heart failure and iron deficiency: a subanalysis of the FAIR-HF study.European heart journal · 2013Trial
- Prevalence of iron deficiency and its association with cardiac function in dogs with various stages of myxomatous mitral valvular disease.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2026Article
- Refractory anaemia in a patient with end-stage heart failure secondary to aortic stenosis.ESC heart failure · 2025Article
- Transferrin Saturation, Serum Iron, and Ferritin in Heart Failure: Prognostic Significance and Proteomic Associations.Circulation. Heart failure · 2025Article
- Associations Between Hemoglobin and Serum Iron Levels and the Risk of Mortality Among Patients with Coronary Artery Disease.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Prevalence and independent predictors of Iron deficiency in Yemeni patients with congestive heart failure: a retrospective cross-sectional study.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Benefits of intravenous iron supplementation in heart failure.Global cardiology science & practice · 2024Article
- Association between serum transferrin saturation levels and heart failure in adults aged ≥40 years: a cross-sectional study based on NHANES (2017-2020.03).Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Iron deficiency: prevalence, mortality risk, and dietary relationships in general and heart failure populations.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Article
- Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure: A Korea-Oriented Review.International journal of heart failure · 2023Review
- Treatment of Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure.Current cardiology reports · 2023Review
- Iron Deficiency in Korean Patients With Heart Failure.Journal of Korean medical science · 2023Article
- Article
- The Association between Iron Deficiency and Renal Outcomes Is Modified by Sex and Anemia in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease Stage 1-4.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Article
- Consensus document on anemia and iron deficiency in heart failure: Consejo Interamericano de Falla Cardiaca e Hipertensión Pulmonar (CIFACAH) of the Interamerican Society of Cardiology (IASC).Archivos de cardiologia de Mexico · 2023Article
- Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure and Pulmonary Hypertension.Current treatment options in cardiovascular medicine · 2022Article
- Iron deficiency screening is a key issue in chronic inflammatory diseases: A call to action.Journal of internal medicine · 2022Review
- Practical Guidance for Diagnosing and Treating Iron Deficiency in Patients with Heart Failure: Why, Who and How?Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Review
- The Effect of Iron Deficiency on Cardiac Function and Structure in Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction.Cardiac failure review · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundIron deficiency has been proposed as a potential therapeutic target in heart failure, but its prevalence and association with anemia and clinical outcomes in community-dwelling adults with heart failure have not been well characterized. METHODS AND
resultsUsing data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, we evaluated the associations between iron deficiency, hemoglobin, C-reactive protein (CRP), and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in 574 adults with self-reported heart failure. Iron deficiency was defined in both absolute and functional terms as a ferritin level <100 μg/L or between 100 and 299 μg/L if the transferrin saturation was <20%. Iron deficiency was present in 61.3% of participants and was associated with reduced mean hemoglobin (13.6 versus 14.2 g/dL, P=0.007) and increased mean CRP (0.95 versus 0.63 mg/dL, P=0.04). Over a median of 6.7 years of follow-up, there were 300 all-cause deaths, 193 of which were from cardiovascular causes. In age- and sex-adjusted Cox proportional hazards models, hemoglobin, CRP, and transferrin saturation but not iron deficiency were significantly associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. In multivariate models, hemoglobin remained an independent predictor of cardiovascular mortality, whereas CRP remained an independent predictor of both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality.
conclusionsIron deficiency is common in heart failure and is associated with decreased hemoglobin and increased CRP. In multivariate analysis, hemoglobin was associated with cardiovascular mortality while CRP was associated with both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Iron deficiency was not associated with all-cause or cardiovascular mortality in this cohort.
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