Trial reportBrain : a journal of neurology2011
A block to pre-prepared movement in gait freezing, relieved by pedunculopontine nucleus stimulation.
Trial report in Brain : a journal of neurology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pedunculopontine Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation Improves Gait Disorder in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Neurochemical research · 2020Pooled it
- Lessons Learned From a Delayed-Start Trial of Modafinil for Freezing of Gait in Parkinson's Disease.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Trial
- Nigral stimulation for resistant axial motor impairment in Parkinson's disease? A randomized controlled trial.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2013Trial
- A spatiotemporal analysis of gait freezing and the impact of pedunculopontine nucleus stimulation.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2012Trial
- A narrative review of motor control dual pathways: the corticospinal and reticulospinal tracts in synergy and differentiation.Frontiers in neuroanatomy · 2026Review
- Functional and Structural Connectivity Correlates of Axial Symptom Outcomes After Pallidal Deep Brain Stimulation in Parkinson's Disease.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Novel targets in deep brain stimulation for movement disorders.Neurosurgical review · 2022Review
- Gait-Phase Modulates Alpha and Beta Oscillations in the Pedunculopontine Nucleus.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2021Article
- Tractography patterns of pedunculopontine nucleus deep brain stimulation.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2021Article
- Delays in the Reticulospinal System Are Associated With a Reduced Capacity to Learn a Simulated Feeding Task in Older Adults.Frontiers in neural circuits · 2021Article
- Three-Year Gait and Axial Outcomes of Bilateral STN and GPi Parkinson's Disease Deep Brain Stimulation.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2020Article
- Subthalamic nucleus oscillations correlate with vulnerability to freezing of gait in patients with Parkinson's disease.Neurobiology of disease · 2019Article
- Focus on the pedunculopontine nucleus. Consensus review from the May 2018 brainstem society meeting in Washington, DC, USA.Clinical neurophysiology : official journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2019Review
- The pedunculopontine region and breathing in Parkinson's disease.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2019Article
- Balance control systems in Parkinson's disease and the impact of pedunculopontine area stimulation.Brain : a journal of neurology · 2018Article
- Increased foot strike variability in Parkinson's disease patients with freezing of gait.Parkinsonism & related disorders · 2018Article
- Adaptations to Postural Perturbations in Patients With Freezing of Gait.Frontiers in neurology · 2018Article
- StartReact effects in first dorsal interosseous muscle are absent in a pinch task, but present when combined with elbow flexion.PloS one · 2018Article
- Article
- Magnetic resonance diffusion tensor imaging for the pedunculopontine nucleus: proof of concept and histological correlation.Brain structure & function · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Gait freezing and postural instability are disabling features of Parkinsonian disorders, treatable with pedunculopontine nucleus stimulation. Both features are considered deficits of proximal and axial musculature, innervated predominantly by reticulospinal pathways and tend to manifest when gait and posture require adjustment. Adjustments to gait and posture are amenable to pre-preparation and rapid triggered release. Experimentally, such accelerated release can be elicited by loud auditory stimuli--a phenomenon known as 'StartReact'. We observed StartReact in healthy and Parkinsonian controls. However, StartReact was absent in Parkinsonian patients with severe gait freezing and postural instability. Pedunculopontine nucleus stimulation restored StartReact proximally and proximal reaction times to loud stimuli correlated with gait and postural disturbance. These findings suggest a relative block to triggered, pre-prepared movement in gait freezing and postural instability, relieved by pedunculopontine nucleus stimulation.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.