Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21701348›Full record

ArticlePlastic and reconstructive surgery2011

The levels of evidence and their role in evidence-based medicine.

Patricia B Burns, Rod J Rohrich, Kevin C Chung

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Plastic and reconstructive surgery, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 863 papers, 43 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
863citing papers in PubMed, 43 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

863 citing papers in PubMed, 43 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Pooled it
  7. Pooled it
  8. Pooled it
  9. Pooled it
  10. Clinical practice guideline "preconception care".Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2026
    Guideline
  11. Guideline
  12. Pooled it
  13. Pooled it
  14. Pooled it
  15. Pooled it
  16. Increasing the environmental sustainability of operating rooms in Canada: an evidence-informed guideline for policy.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2026
    Guideline
  17. How Pragmatic Are Sarcopenia Intervention Studies? A Systematic Review.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2026
    Pooled it
  18. Pooled it
  19. Pooled it
  20. Pooled it

803 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Patricia B BurnsAnn Arbor, Mich.; and Dallas, Texas From the Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, and the Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center.
Rod J Rohrich
Kevin C Chung

Funding

Evidence-Based Research in Hand SurgeryK24AR053120 · NIAMS · UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR · PI CHUNG, KEVIN C · 2008 to 2018
$1.6M
NIAMS NIH HHS K24 AR053120NIAMS NIH HHS K24AR053120
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.

Indexed as

Evidence-Based MedicineSurgery, Plastic

Identifiers

PMID21701348
PMCPMC3124652

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.