ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2011
Activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) is required for B-cell tolerance in humans.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 80 papers.
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Who cites it
80 citing papers in PubMed, 130 citations in OpenAlex.
- Defective B cell tolerance in adenosine deaminase deficiency is corrected by gene therapy.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2012Trial
- Distributed clonal deletion prevents autoimmune disease progression.Cell reports · 2026Article
- AID and TET2 cooperate to demethylate Irf4 for plasma cell fate in germinal center B cells.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2026Article
- Distributed Clonal Deletion Prevents Autoimmune Disease Progression.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Biallelic human SHARPIN loss of function induces autoinflammation and immunodeficiency.Nature immunology · 2024Article
- B-1 derived anti-Thy-1 B cells in old aged mice develop lymphoma/leukemia with high expression of CD11b and Hamp2 that different from TCL1 transgenic mice.Immunity & ageing : I & A · 2024Article
- Anti-cytokine autoantibodies: mechanistic insights and disease associations.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2024Review
- A Novel Heterozygous Variant in AICDA Impairs Ig Class Switching and Somatic Hypermutation in Human B Cells and is Associated with Autosomal Dominant HIGM2 Syndrome.Journal of clinical immunology · 2024Article
- A Germinal Center Checkpoint of AIRE in B Cells Limits Antibody Diversification.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- B cell-specific knockout of AID protects against atherosclerosis.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Review
- Activation induced cytidine deaminase: An old friend with new faces.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Review
- Activation-induced deaminase is critical for the establishment of DNA methylation patterns prior to the germinal center reaction.Nucleic acids research · 2021Article
- Viruses with U-DNA: New Avenues for Biotechnology.Viruses · 2021Review
- Cellular and molecular mechanisms breaking immune tolerance in inborn errors of immunity.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2021Review
- Beyond monogenetic rare variants: tackling the low rate of genetic diagnoses in predominantly antibody deficiency.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2021Review
- The Role of B Cells in Adult and Paediatric Liver Injury.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Disease-associated CTNNBL1 mutation impairs somatic hypermutation by decreasing nuclear AID.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2020Article
- Tracing Self-Reactive B Cells in Normal Mice.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2020Article
- Deep Characterization of the Human Antibody Response to Natural Infection Using Longitudinal Immune Repertoire Sequencing.Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP · 2020Article
20 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 10 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Impaired immune functions leading to primary immunodeficiencies often correlate with paradoxical autoimmune complications; patients with hyper-IgM syndromes who are deficient in activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID), which is required for class-switch recombination and somatic hypermutation, are prone to develop autoimmune diseases. To investigate the impact of AID-deficiency on early B-cell tolerance checkpoints in humans, we tested by ELISA the reactivity of recombinant antibodies isolated from single B cells from AID-deficient patients. New emigrant/transitional and mature naive B cells from AID-deficient patients express an abnormal Ig repertoire and high frequencies of autoreactive antibodies, demonstrating that AID is required for the establishment of both central and peripheral B-cell tolerance. In addition, B-cell tolerance was further breached in AID-deficient patients as illustrated by the detection of anti-nuclear IgM antibodies in the serum of all patients. Thus, we identified a major and previously unsuspected role for AID in the removal of developing autoreactive B cells in humans.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.