Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21700775›Full record

ArticleBlood2011

Histones induce rapid and profound thrombocytopenia in mice.

Tobias A Fuchs, Ashish A Bhandari, Denisa D Wagner

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Blood, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 243 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
243citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
8.2field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

243 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 427 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  17. Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Are Not Linked to Decompensation, ACLF, or Death in Clinically Stable Patients With ACLD.Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver · 2025
    Article
  18. Article
  19. Role of platelets and NETs in arterial thrombosis.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025
    Review
  20. Disseminated intravascular coagulation.Journal of intensive care · 2025
    Review

183 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Tobias A FuchsImmune Disease Institute, Boston, MA, USA.
Ashish A Bhandari
Denisa D Wagner
Harvard University · USBoston Biomedical Research Institute · US

Funding

PREVENTION OF COLD INDUCED PLATELET STORAGE LESIONP01HL056949 · NHLBI · IMMUNE DISEASE INSTITUTE, INC. · PI WAGNER, DENISA D · 1996 to 2010
$26.2M
Platelet adhesion to neutrophil extracellular DNA traps: role in thrombosisR01HL102101 · NHLBI · IMMUNE DISEASE INSTITUTE, INC. · PI WAGNER, DENISA D · 2011 to 2016
$2.7M
NHLBI NIH HHS P01 HL056949NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL102101
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Histones are released from dying cells and contribute to antimicrobial defense during infection. However, extracellular histones are a double-edged sword because they also damage host tissue and may cause death. We studied the interactions of histones with platelets. Histones bound to platelets, induced calcium influx, and recruited plasma adhesion proteins such as fibrinogen to induce platelet aggregation. Hereby fibrinogen cross-linked histone-bearing platelets and triggered microaggregation. Fibrinogen interactions with αIIbβ3 integrins were not required for this process but were necessary for the formation of large platelet aggregates. Infused histones associated with platelets in vivo and caused a profound thrombocytopenia within minutes after administration. Mice lacking platelets or αIIbβ3 integrins were protected from histone-induced death but not from histone-induced tissue damage. Heparin, at high concentrations, prevented histone interactions with platelets and protected mice from histone-induced thrombocytopenia, tissue damage, and death. Heparin and histones are evolutionary maintained. Histones may combine microbicidal with prothrombotic properties to fight invading microbes and maintain hemostasis after injury. Heparin may provide an innate counter mechanism to neutralize histones and diminish collateral tissue damage.

Indexed as

Disease Models, AnimalMiceAnimalsFibrinogenHistonesMaleMice, Inbred BALB CMice, Inbred C57BLMice, KnockoutPlatelet AggregationPlatelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa ComplexSeverity of Illness IndexThrombocytopeniaTime FactorsUp-RegulationFibrinogenHistonesPlatelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex

Identifiers

PMID21700775
PMCPMC3186342
OpenAlexW1979952618

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.