Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21698134›Full record

ArticlePLoS genetics2011

Trait variation in yeast is defined by population history.

Jonas Warringer, Enikö Zörgö, Francisco A Cubillos, Amin Zia, Arne Gjuvsland, Jared T Simpson, Annabelle Forsmark, Richard Durbin, Stig W Omholt, Edward J Louis and 3 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PLoS genetics, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 215 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
215citing papers in PubMed
12.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

215 citing papers in PubMed, 380 citations in OpenAlex.

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  6. Gene loss, repression, amplification, and horizontal acquisition shape galactose/melibiose metabolism in fission yeast.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026
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  12. Native oleaginous yeastsFrontiers in fungal biology · 2026
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  13. Surprising regulatory plasticity for the conserved HOG pathway in diversebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
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  17. The effect of spontaneous mutations onbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
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  18. Article
  19. Biocontainment efficacy redefined.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2025
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  20. Article

155 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.

Jonas WarringerDepartment of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden. Jonas.Warringer@cmb.gu.se
Enikö Zörgö
Francisco A Cubillos
Amin Zia
Arne Gjuvsland
Jared T Simpson
Annabelle Forsmark
Richard Durbin
Stig W Omholt
Edward J Louis
Gianni Liti
Alan Moses
Anders Blomberg
Norwegian University of Life Sciences · NOUniversity of Gothenburg · SEUniversity of Nottingham · GBUniversity of Toronto · CAWellcome Sanger Institute · GBQueen's Medical Centre · GB

Funding

Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council BB/G01616X/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

A fundamental goal in biology is to achieve a mechanistic understanding of how and to what extent ecological variation imposes selection for distinct traits and favors the fixation of specific genetic variants. Key to such an understanding is the detailed mapping of the natural genomic and phenomic space and a bridging of the gap that separates these worlds. Here we chart a high-resolution map of natural trait variation in one of the most important genetic model organisms, the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and its closest wild relatives and trace the genetic basis and timing of major phenotype changing events in its recent history. We show that natural trait variation in S. cerevisiae exceeds that of its relatives, despite limited genetic variation, and follows the population history rather than the source environment. In particular, the West African population is phenotypically unique, with an extreme abundance of low-performance alleles, notably a premature translational termination signal in GAL3 that cause inability to utilize galactose. Our observations suggest that many S. cerevisiae traits may be the consequence of genetic drift rather than selection, in line with the assumption that natural yeast lineages are remnants of recent population bottlenecks. Disconcertingly, the universal type strain S288C was found to be highly atypical, highlighting the danger of extrapolating gene-trait connections obtained in mosaic, lab-domesticated lineages to the species as a whole. Overall, this study represents a step towards an in-depth understanding of the causal relationship between co-variation in ecology, selection pressure, natural traits, molecular mechanism, and alleles in a key model organism.

Indexed as

Genetic VariationPhenotypeAfrica, WesternAllelesBiological EvolutionCell ProliferationEcologyFungal ProteinsGalactoseMetabolic Networks and PathwaysQuantitative Trait LociSaccharomycesSaccharomyces cerevisiaeSelection, GeneticSpecies SpecificityFungal ProteinsGalactose

Identifiers

PMID21698134
PMCPMC3116910
OpenAlexW1980386768

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.