ArticleMolecular microbiology2011
Germination proteins in the inner membrane of dormant Bacillus subtilis spores colocalize in a discrete cluster.
Article in Molecular microbiology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 67 papers.
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Who cites it
67 citing papers in PubMed, 113 citations in OpenAlex.
- A mathematical kinetic model of memory iniScience · 2026Article
- Structural and functional analysis of themBio · 2026Article
- GerAB residues predicted to interact with water based on MD simulations mediate germinosome stability inFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Resistance and germination of spores ofJournal of bacteriology · 2025Article
- Sporulation at reduced water activity impairs germination kinetics ofApplied and environmental microbiology · 2025Article
- Germination ofJournal of bacteriology · 2025Article
- Recent progress in proteins regulating the germination ofJournal of bacteriology · 2025Review
- Genomic identification of germinant receptors and phenotypic response to germinants inCurrent research in microbial sciences · 2025Article
- GerAB residues predicted to interfere with water passage based on steered molecular dynamics are key to germinosome functionality.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- Identification and characterization of theJournal of bacteriology · 2024Article
- SpoVAF and FigP assemble into oligomeric ion channels that enhance spore germination.Genes & development · 2024Article
- Bacterial spore germination receptors are nutrient-gated ion channels.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2023Article
- Identification and characterization of new proteins crucial for bacterial spore resistance and germination.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Article
- Visualization of SpoVAEa Protein Dynamics in Dormant Spores ofMicrobiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Proteomic Response ofFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Organization and dynamics of the SpoVAEa protein and its surrounding inner membrane lipids, upon germination of Bacillus subtilis spores.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Mechanisms and Applications of Bacterial Sporulation and Germination in the Intestine.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Moderate High-Pressure Superdormancy inApplied and environmental microbiology · 2022Article
- Genetic Suppression Meets Structure Prediction: Probing a Spore Germination Receptor Complex.Journal of bacteriology · 2022Article
- Reviving the view: evidence that macromolecule synthesis fuels bacterial spore germination.microLife · 2022Review
7 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Dormant bacterial spores are extraordinarily resistant to environmental insults and are vectors of various illnesses. However, spores cannot cause disease unless they germinate and become vegetative cells. The molecular details of initiation of germination are not understood, but proteins essential in early stages of germination, such as nutrient germinant receptors (GRs) and GerD, are located in the spore inner membrane. In this study, we examine how these germination proteins are organized in dormant Bacillus subtilis spores by expressing fluorescent protein fusions that were at least partially functional and observing spores by fluorescence microscopy. We show that GRs and GerD colocalize primarily to a single cluster in dormant spores, reminiscent of the organization of chemoreceptor signalling complexes in Escherichia coli. GRs require all their subunits as well as GerD for clustering, and also require diacylglycerol addition to GerD and GRs' C protein subunits. However, different GRs cluster independently of each other, and GerD forms clusters in the absence of all the GRs. We predict that the clusters represent a functional germination unit or 'germinosome' in the spore inner membrane that is necessary for rapid and cooperative response to nutrients, as conditions known to block nutrient germination also disrupt the protein clusters.
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