Trial reportJournal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD2011
Short-term hormone therapy with transdermal estradiol improves cognition for postmenopausal women with Alzheimer's disease: results of a randomized controlled trial.
Trial report in Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 95 citations in OpenAlex.
- Is Hormone Replacement Therapy a Risk Factor or a Therapeutic Option for Alzheimer's Disease?International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Pooled it
- Use of Hormone Therapy in Postmenopausal Women with Alzheimer's Disease: A Systematic Review.Drugs & aging · 2021Pooled it
- Long-term hormone therapy for perimenopausal and postmenopausal women.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- Potential links between PCOS/PMOS and Alzheimer disease and related dementias.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2026Review
- Cholesterol at the Center of Alzheimer's Disease: A Unifying Hypothesis on the Pathogenic Mechanism.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Review on Molecular Targeting, Pharmacological Action, and Advanced Biopharmaceutical Aspects for the Management of Alzheimer's Disease.Current pharmaceutical design · 2026Review
- Estradiol Prevents Amyloid Beta-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Neurotoxicity in Alzheimer's Disease via AMPK-Dependent Suppression of NF-κB Signaling.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Estrogen, menopause, and Alzheimer's disease: understanding the link to cognitive decline in women.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2025Review
- Genetic causal role of body mass index in multiple neurological diseases.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Endocrine Dyscrasia in the Etiology and Therapy of Alzheimer's Disease.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2024Review
- Synthetic contraceptive hormones occlude the ability of nicotine to reduce ethanol consumption in ovary-intact female rats.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2023Article
- Endothelial Dysfunction in Neurodegenerative Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- A how-to guide for a precision medicine approach to the diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2023Review
- Identification of repurposed drugs targeting significant long non-coding RNAs in the cross-talk between diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Mitigating Effect of Estrogen in Alzheimer's Disease-Mimicking Cerebral Organoid.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- Investigation of common risk factors between polycystic ovary syndrome and Alzheimer's disease: a narrative review.Reproductive health · 2021Review
- Association between menopausal hormone therapy and risk of neurodegenerative diseases: Implications for precision hormone therapy.Alzheimer's & dementia (New York, N. Y.) · 2021Article
- Utilization of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells-DerivedFrontiers in aging neuroscience · 2021Article
- Association of dyslipidaemia with Alzheimer's disease in a cohort of postmenopausal women.The Journal of international medical research · 2020Article
- Estrogen Signaling in Alzheimer's Disease: Molecular Insights and Therapeutic Targets for Alzheimer's Dementia.Molecular neurobiology · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
We aimed to conduct a placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group design intervention study to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of hormone therapy (HT) in postmenopausal women with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD). The trial was designed to evaluate the dose-dependent effects of transdermal 17-β estradiol, unopposed and opposed with medroxyprogesterone (MPA, Provera©), for 12 months in 43 postmenopausal women with AD. Participants were assessed using cognitive measures at baseline, months 1, 3, 6, and 12 of treatment and eight weeks post treatment (month 15). The dropout rate was 49% across 12 months. As a result of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) and anticipated increased attrition, the protocol was modified to examine data only at time points where attrition was less than 30%. The results of sensitivity analyses indicated robust and reliable data collected in the first three months of the trial. Data collected in the first three months of the trial for forty-three participants were analyzed. HT had favorable cognitive effects across multiple cognitive domains, including visual memory (p-values < 0.030) and semantic memory (p-values < 0.037) in postmenopausal women with AD. Moreover, treatment-related changes in plasma estradiol were positively correlated with improvements in visual memory. Short-term HT that includes the use of estradiol has favorable effects on cognition in women with AD.
Indexed as
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.