Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21693561›Full record

ArticleNucleic acids research2011

Intrachromosomal tandem duplication and repeat expansion during attempts to inactivate the subtelomeric essential gene GSH1 in Leishmania.

Angana Mukherjee, Lance D Langston, Marc Ouellette

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nucleic acids research, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed
2.8field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
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  5. Article
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  8. Article
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  11. Drug resistance analysis by next generation sequencing in Leishmania.International journal for parasitology. Drugs and drug resistance · 2015
    Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. DNA repair pathways in trypanosomatids: from DNA repair to drug resistance.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2014
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Predominance of Leishmania major and rare occurrence of Leishmania tropica with haplotype variability at the center of Iran.The Brazilian journal of infectious diseases : an official publication of the Brazilian Society of Infectious Diseases
    Article
  19. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Angana MukherjeeDépartement de Microbiologie, Immunologie and Infectiologie, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
Lance D Langston
Marc Ouellette
Howard Hughes Medical Institute · USUniversité Laval · CA

Funding

Canadian Institutes of Health Research MOP-13233
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase encoded by GSH1 is the rate-limiting enzyme in the biosynthesis of glutathione and trypanothione in Leishmania. Attempts to generate GSH1 null mutants by gene disruption failed in Leishmania infantum. Removal of even a single allele invariably led to the generation of an extra copy of GSH1, maintaining two intact wild-type alleles. In the second and even third round of inactivation, the markers integrated at the homologous locus but always preserved two intact copies of GSH1. We probed into the mechanism of GSH1 duplication. GSH1 is subtelomeric on chromosome 18 and Southern blot analysis indicated that a 10-kb fragment flanked by 466-bp direct repeated sequences was duplicated in tandem on the same chromosomal allele each time GSH1 was targeted. Polymerase chain reaction analysis and sequencing confirmed the generation of novel junctions created at the level of the 466-bp repeats consequent to locus duplication. In loss of heterozygosity attempts, the same repeated sequences were utilized for generating extrachromosomal circular amplicons. Our results are consistent with break-induced replication as a mechanism for the generation of this regional polyploidy to compensate for the inactivation of an essential gene. This chromosomal repeat expansion through repeated sequences could be implicated in locus duplication in Leishmania.

Indexed as

DNA Repeat ExpansionGene DuplicationGenes, ProtozoanGenes, EssentialGlutamate-Cysteine LigaseLeishmania infantumPolyploidyRepetitive Sequences, Nucleic AcidGlutamate-Cysteine Ligase

Identifiers

PMID21693561
PMCPMC3177219
OpenAlexW2036151773

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.