Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21690356›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2011

Protein crystallization facilitated by molecularly imprinted polymers.

Emmanuel Saridakis, Sahir Khurshid, Lata Govada, Quan Phan, Daniel Hawkins, Gregg V Crichlow, Elias Lolis, Subrayal M Reddy, Naomi E Chayen

Erratum issuedAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 25 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed
13.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 135 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Investigating the Effects of Nanogels in Promoting Protein Crystallization.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Crystallisation and characterisation of muscle proteins: a mini-review.Journal of muscle research and cell motility · 2023
    Review
  5. Article
  6. Heterogeneous Nucleation in Protein Crystallization.Biomimetics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Innovation versus practice in biological crystallization.Acta crystallographica. Section F, Structural biology communications · 2020
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Protein crystal nucleation in pores.Scientific reports · 2017
    Article
  18. Automating the application of smart materials for protein crystallization.Acta crystallographica. Section D, Biological crystallography · 2015
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Optimization of crystallization conditions for biological macromolecules.Acta crystallographica. Section F, Structural biology communications · 2014
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

  • Erratum issued
5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.

Emmanuel SaridakisLaboratory of Structural and Supramolecular Chemistry, Institute of Physical Chemistry, National Centre of Scientific Research Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, Athens 15310, Greece.
Sahir Khurshid
Lata Govada
Quan Phan
Daniel Hawkins
Gregg V Crichlow
Elias Lolis
Subrayal M Reddy
Naomi E Chayen
Imperial College London · GBUniversity of Surrey · GBYale University · USNational Centre of Scientific Research "Demokritos" · GR

Funding

Functional and Structural Studies of CD74 ActivationR01AI065029 · NIAID · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI LOLIS, ELIAS · 2006 to 2010
$2.0M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI065029
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We present a previously undescribed initiative and its application, namely the design of molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) for producing protein crystals that are essential for determining high-resolution 3D structures of proteins. MIPs, also referred to as "smart materials," are made to contain cavities capable of rebinding protein; thus the fingerprint of the protein created on the polymer allows it to serve as an ideal template for crystal formation. We have shown that six different MIPs induced crystallization of nine proteins, yielding crystals in conditions that do not give crystals otherwise. The incorporation of MIPs in screening experiments gave rise to crystalline hits in 8-10% of the trials for three target proteins. These hits would have been missed using other known nucleants. MIPs also facilitated the formation of large single crystals at metastable conditions for seven proteins. Moreover, the presence of MIPs has led to faster formation of crystals in all cases where crystals would appear eventually and to major improvement in diffraction in some cases. The MIPs were effective for their cognate proteins and also for other proteins, with size compatibility being a likely criterion for efficacy. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) measurements demonstrated specific affinity between the MIP cavities and a protein-functionalized AFM tip, corroborating our hypothesis that due to the recognition of proteins by the cavities, MIPs can act as nucleation-inducing substrates (nucleants) by harnessing the proteins themselves as templates.

Indexed as

AnimalsCrystallizationHumansHydrogelsMicroscopy, Atomic ForceMolecular ImprintingPolymersProteinsHydrogelsPolymersProteins

Identifiers

PMID21690356
PMCPMC3131372
OpenAlexW2044637791

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.