ArticleAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy2011
Apoptosis-inducing activity of clofazimine in macrophages.
Article in Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of Clofazimine in Treatment ofFrontiers in medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Genetic pleiotropy differentially linking brain variation to cannabis use and cannabis use disorder.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2026Article
- Clofazimine against cerebral toxoplasmosis in diabetic and dexamethasone-immunosuppressed mice: ultrastructural and semiquantitative transmission electron microscopic study.BMC neuroscience · 2026Article
- Cannabidiol Enhances Stress-Induced Cellular Damage: Potential Contribution of Kv2.1 Inhibition.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2025Article
- Leprosy: treatment, prevention, immune response and gene function.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Distinguishing the Concentration- vs. Bioaccumulation-Dependent Immunological and Metabolic Effects of Clofazimine.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- Improving the Antimycobacterial Drug Clofazimine through Formation of Organic Salts by Combination with Fluoroquinolones.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Advancing personalized medicine for tuberculosis through the application of immune profiling.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2023Review
- Molecular design of a pathogen activated, self-assembling mechanopharmaceutical device.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2022Review
- MDR Tuberculosis Treatment.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2022Review
- Understanding the Reciprocal Interplay Between Antibiotics and Host Immune System: How Can We Improve the Anti-Mycobacterial Activity of Current Drugs to Better Control Tuberculosis?Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Article
- Innate Immune Responses in Leprosy.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Review
- Targeting Kv1.3 channels to reduce white matter pathology after traumatic brain injury.Experimental neurology · 2016Article
- Clofazimine Biocrystal Accumulation in Macrophages Upregulates Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Production To Induce a Systemic Anti-Inflammatory State.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2016Article
- Phagocytosed Clofazimine Biocrystals Can Modulate Innate Immune Signaling by Inhibiting TNFα and Boosting IL-1RA Secretion.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2015Article
- Host-Directed Therapies for Tuberculosis.Cold Spring Harbor perspectives in medicine · 2015Review
- Activity Profile of an FDA-Approved Compound Library against Schistosoma mansoni.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2015Article
- Multiscale distribution and bioaccumulation analysis of clofazimine reveals a massive immune system-mediated xenobiotic sequestration response.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2013Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Clofazimine is a riminophenazine compound which has been used for the treatment of leprosy since the 1960s. Although the drug is effective in the management of leprosy reactions because of its anti-inflammatory activity, the mechanism leading to the cessation of inflammation is not well understood. In the present study, it was shown that clofazimine exhibits apoptosis-inducing activity in macrophages. When human monocyte-derived macrophages were cultured in vitro in the presence of clofazimine, the cells exhibited a marked decrease in metabolic activity and showed shrinkage in cell size, indicating cell death. Nuclear condensation and fragmentation were also observed by Giemsa and Hoechst 33248 stains. The endonuclease inhibitor ZnCl(2) inhibited the clofazimine-induced cell death. Significant enhancement of caspase-3 activity was observed in clofazimine-treated macrophages and THP-1 cells. Collectively, these results suggest the apoptosis-inducing activity of clofazimine in macrophages, which may also be responsible for the antibacterial properties of clofazimine.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.