Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21689399›Full record

ArticleBMC medicine2011

Diabetes mellitus type 2 and other chronic non-communicable diseases in the central region, Saudi Arabia (Riyadh cohort 2): a decade of an epidemic.

Nasser M Al-Daghri, Omar S Al-Attas, Majed S Alokail, Khalid M Alkharfy, Mansour Yousef, Shaun Louie Sabico, George P Chrousos

Registry-linked trialAbstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in BMC medicine, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06674161 (The Impact of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on Cardiovascular Events in Saudi Arabia Now and Future), which is not on this map. Cited by 136 papers, 8 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
136citing papers in PubMed, 8 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06674161 not yet recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2024, after this paper: background citation

The Impact of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on Cardiovascular Events in Saudi Arabia Now and Future

TypeobservationalSponsorKing Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research CenterRan2024 to 2030Enrolled80ConditionsMortality of Patients with CVD, Mortality of Patients with CVD and T2DM, Mortality of Patients with T2DM, Mortality of Patients with Neither
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

136 citing papers in PubMed, 8 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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76 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Nasser M Al-DaghriBiomarkers Research Program, Biochemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. ndaghri@ksu.edu.sa
Omar S Al-Attas
Majed S Alokail
Khalid M Alkharfy
Mansour Yousef
Shaun Louie Sabico
George P Chrousos

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundFollow-up epidemiologic studies are needed to assess trends and patterns of disease spread. No follow-up epidemiologic study has been done in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to assess the current prevalence of major chronic, noncommunicable diseases, specifically in the urban region, where modifiable risk factors remain rampant. This study aims to fill this gap.

methodsA total of 9,149 adult Saudis ages seven to eighty years (5,357 males (58.6%) and 3,792 females (41.4%)) were randomly selected from the Riyadh Cohort Study for inclusion. Diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DMT2) and obesity were based on the World Health Organization definitions. Diagnoses of hypertension and coronary artery disease (CAD) were based on the Seventh Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure and American Heart Association criteria, respectively.

resultsThe overall crude prevalence of DMT2 was 23.1% (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 20.47 to 22.15). The age-adjusted prevalence of DMT2 was 31.6%. DMT2 prevalence was significantly higher in males, with an overall age-adjusted prevalence of 34.7% (95% CI 32.6 to 35.4), than in females, who had an overall age-adjusted prevalence of 28.6% (95% CI 26.7 to 29.3) (P < 0.001). The overall crude prevalence of obesity was 31.1% (95% CI 30.1 to 32.0). The age-adjusted prevalence of obesity was 40.0%. The prevalence of obesity was higher in females, with an overall prevalence of 36.5% (95% CI 35.1 to 37.83), than in males (25.1% (95% CI 23.7 to 26.3)) (P < 0.001). The age-adjusted prevalence of hypertension and CAD were 32.6% (95% CI 31.7 to 33.6) and 6.9% (95% CI 6.4 to 7.4), respectively.

conclusionComparisons of our findings with earlier data show that the prevalence of DMT2, hypertension and CAD in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, has alarmingly worsened. Aggressive promotion of public awareness, continued screening and early intervention are pivotal to boosting a positive response.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAge FactorsChildChronic DiseaseCoronary Artery DiseaseCross-Sectional StudiesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2FemaleHumansHypertensionIncidenceMaleMiddle Aged

Identifiers

PMID21689399
PMCPMC3141541

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Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.