Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21687747›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in microbiology2010

Exploitation of host cell biology and evasion of immunity by francisella tularensis.

Rexford Asare, Yousef Abu Kwaik

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in microbiology, 2010. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
30citing papers in PubMed
1.9field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

30 citing papers in PubMed, 39 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Transcriptomic profiling of murine macrophages duringMicrobiology resource announcements · 2026
    Article
  2. Journal of bacteriology · 2025
    Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Cathepsins in Bacteria-Macrophage Interaction: Defenders or Victims of Circumstance?Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2020
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. The Early Dendritic Cell Signaling Induced by VirulentMolecular & cellular proteomics : MCP · 2018
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. F. novicida-Infected A. castellanii Does Not Enhance Bacterial Virulence in Mice.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2016
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. The complex amino acid diet of Francisella in infected macrophages.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2015
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Rexford AsareDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville Louisville, KY, USA.
Yousef Abu Kwaik
University of Louisville · USUniversity of Louisville Hospital · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Francisella tularensis is an intracellular bacterium that infects humans and many small mammals. During infection, F. tularensis replicates predominantly in macrophages but also proliferate in other cell types. Entry into host cells is mediate by various receptors. Complement-opsonized F. tularensis enters into macrophages by looping phagocytosis. Uptake is mediated in part by Syk, which may activate actin rearrangement in the phagocytic cup resulting in the engulfment of F. tularensis in a lipid raft rich phagosome. Inside the host cells, F. tularensis resides transiently in an acidified late endosome-like compartment before disruption of the phagosomal membrane and escape into the cytosol, where bacterial proliferation occurs. Modulation of phagosome biogenesis and escape into the cytosol is mediated by the Francisella pathogenicity island-encoded type VI-like secretion system. Whilst inside the phagosome, F. tularensis temporarily induce proinflammatory cytokines in PI3K/Akt-dependent manner, which is counteracted by the induction of SHIP that negatively regulates PI3K/Akt activation and promotes bacterial escape into the cytosol. Interestingly, F. tularensis subverts CD4 T cells-mediated killing by inhibiting antigen presentation by activated macrophages through ubiquitin-dependent degradation of MHC II molecules on activated macrophages. In the cytosol, F. tularensis is recognized by the host cell inflammasome, which is down-regulated by F. tularensis that also inhibits caspase-1 and ASC activity. During late stages of intracellular proliferation, caspase-3 is activated but apoptosis is delayed through activation of NF-κB and Ras, which ensures cell viability.

Indexed as

AktapoptosisASCcaspaseRasSHIPtularemia

Identifiers

PMID21687747
PMCPMC3109322
OpenAlexW2070924501

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.