ArticleTransactions of the American Clinical and Climatological Association2011
Jeremiah Metzger Lecture: cholesterol, inflammation and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: is it all LDL?
Article in Transactions of the American Clinical and Climatological Association, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Prognostic Potential of the Controlling Nutritional Status (CONUT) Score in Predicting All-Cause Mortality and Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: A Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Pooled it
- Prognostic importance of nutritional status in patients with atrial fibrillation.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2026Observational
- Advances in the Regulation of Lipid Metabolism by Non-Coding RNAs.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Review
- Hyperoside Nanomicelles Alleviate Atherosclerosis by Modulating the Lipid Profile and Intestinal Flora Structure in High-Fat-Diet-Fed Apolipoprotein-E-Deficient Mice.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Rosuvastatin exerts cardioprotective effect in lipopolysaccharide-mediated injury of cardiomyocytes in an MG53-dependent manner.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2022Article
- Beyond weight loss: current perspectives on the impact of calorie restriction on healthspan and lifespan.Expert review of endocrinology & metabolism · 2021Review
- LncRNAs as Therapeutic Targets and Potential Biomarkers for Lipid-Related Diseases.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
- Long Non-Coding RNA Associated with Cholesterol Homeostasis and Its Involvement in Metabolic Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
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- Article
- Effect of exclusive cigarette smoking and in combination with waterpipe smoking on lipoproteins.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2017Article
- IL6R haplotype rs4845625*T/rs4537545*C is a risk factor for simultaneously high CRP, LDL and ApoB levels.Genes and immunity · 2017Article
- Article
- Human MicroRNA-548p Decreases Hepatic Apolipoprotein B Secretion and Lipid Synthesis.Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology · 2017Article
- HVC1 ameliorates hyperlipidemia and inflammation in LDLRBMC complementary and alternative medicine · 2017Article
- Nitric oxide synthesis inhibition and cytotoxicity of Korean horse mussel Modiolus modiolus extracts on cancer cells in culture.Cytotechnology · 2016Article
- Targeting Household Air Pollution for Curbing the Cardiovascular Disease Burden: A Health Priority in Sub-Saharan Africa.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2015Review
- Osteoprotegerin in relation to insulin resistance and blood lipids in sub-Saharan African women with and without abdominal obesity.Diabetology & metabolic syndrome · 2015Article
- Therapeutic potential of folic acid supplementation for cardiovascular disease prevention through homocysteine lowering and blockade in rheumatoid arthritis patients.Biomarker research · 2015Article
- CD36/SR-B2-TLR2 Dependent Pathways Enhance Porphyromonas gingivalis Mediated Atherosclerosis in the Ldlr KO Mouse Model.PloS one · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Scientific investigation of the relationship between atherosclerosis, inflammation, and lipoprotein metabolism originated in the mid-19(th) century and has increased exponentially over the past 50 years. Basic research that characterized the lipoproteins and their metabolism was followed by clinical and epidemiologic studies that began to link elevated levels of cholesterol in the blood to the development of atherosclerosis and increased risk for cardiovascular disease. The link between elevated serum cholesterol levels and cardiovascular disease, known as the "lipid hypothesis," was confirmed with the discoveries of the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor and of the statins. Subsequent results of multiple clinical trials, particularly with statins, have established that reductions in LDL cholesterol are associated with reduced risk for coronary heart disease (CHD). A growing body of evidence suggests that measures of inflammation, such as C-reactive protein (CRP), may enhance cardiovascular risk assessment and help guide clinical decision-making. Reductions in CRP in individuals with low serum levels of LDL cholesterol have been shown to reduce cardiovascular events. A variety of agents designed to further reduce LDL cholesterol, increase high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and target inflammation are currently in development. Future research can help clarify the roles of emerging biomarkers and lipid fractions other than LDL cholesterol in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cardiovascular disease.
Indexed as
Identifiers
21686232PMC3116370W1942762653What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.