Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21684212›Full record

ReviewEuropean journal of cardiovascular nursing2012

Gene-environment interactions in cardiovascular disease.

Elena Flowers, Erika Sivarajan Froelicher, Bradley E Aouizerat

Open access · bronzeAbstract readComparative StudyReview
In one paragraph

Review in European journal of cardiovascular nursing, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
0.7field-weighted citation impact, top 31% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Genetic Polymorphism ofBiomolecules · 2025
    Article
  3. Advantageous early-life environments cushion the genetic risk for ischemic heart disease.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Gene-Environment Interaction: A Variable Selection Perspective.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2021
    Review
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Elena FlowersSchool of Nursing, Department of Physiologic Nursing, University of California, San Francisco 94143, USA. eflowers@ucsf.edu
Erika Sivarajan Froelicher
Bradley E Aouizerat
University of California, San Francisco · US

Funding

CTSA: K12 COMPONENTKL2RR024130 · NCRR · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI JOHNSTON, S. CLAIBORNE · 2006 to 2011
$19.3M
Maximizing Opportunities for Research Excellence - Evaluation Training SupplementR25GM056847 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI DUNCAN, D'ANNE S., SELLO, JASON K · 1998 to 2023
$14.1M
Clinical and Transtional Science InstituteTL1RR024129 · NCRR · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN FRANCISCO · PI JOHNSTON, S. CLAIBORNE · 2006 to 2011
$2.0M
NCRR NIH HHS KL2 RR024130NCRR NIH HHS TL1 RR024129NIGMS NIH HHS R25 GM056847NIGMS NIH HHS R25 GM56847
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHistorically, models to describe disease were exclusively nature-based or nurture-based. Current theoretical models for complex conditions such as cardiovascular disease acknowledge the importance of both biologic and non-biologic contributors to disease. A critical feature is the occurrence of interactions between numerous risk factors for disease. The interaction between genetic (i.e., biologic, nature) and environmental (i.e. non-biologic, nurture) causes of disease is an important mechanism for understanding both the etiology and public health impact of cardiovascular disease.

objectivesThe purpose of this paper is to describe theoretical underpinnings of gene-environment interactions, models of interaction, methods for studying gene-environment interactions, and the related concept of interactions between epigenetic mechanisms and the environment. DISCUSSION: Advances in methods for measurement of genetic predictors of disease have enabled an increasingly comprehensive understanding of the causes of disease. In order to fully describe the effects of genetic predictors of disease, it is necessary to place genetic predictors within the context of known environmental risk factors. The additive or multiplicative effect of the interaction between genetic and environmental risk factors is often greater than the contribution of either risk factor alone.

Indexed as

Gene-Environment InteractionCardiovascular DiseasesFemaleGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenotypeHumansMaleModels, GeneticPrimary PreventionRisk AssessmentUnited States

Identifiers

PMID21684212
PMCPMC3197961
OpenAlexW2100231860

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.