ArticleThe EMBO journal1990
The dose dependence of glucocorticoid-inducible gene expression results from changes in the number of transcriptionally active templates.
Article in The EMBO journal, 1990. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 71 papers.
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Who cites it
71 citing papers in PubMed, 193 citations in OpenAlex.
- Stable epigenetic states set single-cell activation thresholds in mammalian expression systems.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Review
- Transcription dynamics and genome organization in the mammalian nucleus: Recent advances.Molecular cell · 2025Review
- Fractional response analysis reveals logarithmic cytokine responses in cellular populations.Nature communications · 2021Article
- Altering transcription factor binding reveals comprehensive transcriptional kinetics of a basic gene.Nucleic acids research · 2021Article
- Microfluidic Based Physical Approaches towards Single-Cell Intracellular Delivery and Analysis.Micromachines · 2021Review
- First Responders Shape a Prompt and Sharp NF-κB-Mediated Transcriptional Response to TNF-α.iScience · 2020Article
- Transcriptional Bursting and Co-bursting Regulation by Steroid Hormone Release Pattern and Transcription Factor Mobility.Molecular cell · 2019Article
- Intratumoral Heterogeneity: More Than Just Mutations.Trends in cell biology · 2019Review
- Inferring gene regulatory networks from single-cell data: a mechanistic approach.BMC systems biology · 2017Article
- What have single-molecule studies taught us about gene expression?Genes & development · 2016Review
- Chromatin remodeling effects on enhancer activity.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2016Review
- Determining Physical Mechanisms of Gene Expression Regulation from Single Cell Gene Expression Data.PLoS computational biology · 2016Article
- Transcription Dynamics in Living Cells.Annual review of biophysics · 2016Review
- What's Luck Got to Do with It: Single Cells, Multiple Fates, and Biological Nondeterminism.Molecular cell · 2016Review
- Single-Cell Isolation and Gene Analysis: Pitfalls and Possibilities.International journal of molecular sciences · 2015Review
- Affinity proteomics to study endogenous protein complexes: pointers, pitfalls, preferences and perspectives.BioTechniques · 2015Article
- Dynamic regulation of transcriptional states by chromatin and transcription factors.Nature reviews. Genetics · 2014Review
- Analytic approaches to stochastic gene expression in multicellular systems.Biophysical journal · 2013Review
- Stimulus-induced modulation of transcriptional bursting in a single mammalian gene.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2013Article
11 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Glucocorticoid hormones induce the transcription of genes having glucocorticoid response elements in a dose dependent manner. To determine whether this dose dependence represents a response of individual templates or of the mass of templates, we introduced a bacterial beta-galactosidase gene linked to the glucocorticoid-inducible enhancer/promoter of the mouse mammary tumor virus (MTV) into Ltk- cells and obtained stable transformants containing a single or a few templates per cell. Visual inspection and flow cytometry analysis by enzyme histochemistry assay for beta-galactosidase revealed that individual cells showed very heterogeneous beta-galactosidase activity after 48 h induction with dexamethasone. When the glucocorticoid concentration was increased, an increasing cell population producing beta-galactosidase was observed. These phenomena were probably not due to heterogeneity of template copy number or to a predetermined cellular state among individual cells, since cells forming a single small colony gave similar results. This was also supported by data showing that recloned cells retained both their responsiveness to the glucocorticoid hormone and their digestion pattern in Southern blotting analyses. These results indicate that the dose dependent increase of glucocorticoid-inducible gene expression is caused by an increase in the number of transcriptionally active templates.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.