Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21677688›Full record

ArticleCell death & disease2011

Ocular neuroprotection by siRNA targeting caspase-2.

Z Ahmed, H Kalinski, M Berry, M Almasieh, H Ashush, N Slager, A Brafman, I Spivak, N Prasad, I Mett and 5 more

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell death & disease, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 82 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
82citing papers in PubMed
5.1field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

82 citing papers in PubMed, 164 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Recent Update on siRNA Therapeutics.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  5. Review
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
  9. Review
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Aging Effects on Optic Nerve Neurodegeneration.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023
    Review
  16. Preparation of Retinal Explant Cultures.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2023
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Review

22 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Z AhmedNeuropharmacology and Neurobiology Section, School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK. z.ahmed.1@bham.ac.uk
H Kalinski
M Berry
M Almasieh
H Ashush
N Slager
A Brafman
I Spivak
N Prasad
I Mett
E Shalom
E Alpert
A Di Polo
E Feinstein
A Logan
University of Birmingham · GBUniversité de Montréal · CA

Funding

Wellcome TrustWellcome Trust 065920Wellcome Trust 092539
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss after optic nerve damage is a hallmark of certain human ophthalmic diseases including ischemic optic neuropathy (ION) and glaucoma. In a rat model of optic nerve transection, in which 80% of RGCs are eliminated within 14 days, caspase-2 was found to be expressed and cleaved (activated) predominantly in RGC. Inhibition of caspase-2 expression by a chemically modified synthetic short interfering ribonucleic acid (siRNA) delivered by intravitreal administration significantly enhanced RGC survival over a period of at least 30 days. This exogenously delivered siRNA could be found in RGC and other types of retinal cells, persisted inside the retina for at least 1 month and mediated sequence-specific RNA interference without inducing an interferon response. Our results indicate that RGC apoptosis induced by optic nerve injury involves activation of caspase-2, and that synthetic siRNAs designed to inhibit expression of caspase-2 represent potential neuroprotective agents for intervention in human diseases involving RGC loss.

Indexed as

Neuroprotective AgentsAnimalsApoptosisCaspase 2CytoprotectionDisease Models, AnimalFemaleGlaucomaOptic NerveRatsRats, WistarRetinal Ganglion CellsRNA, Small InterferingStructure-Activity RelationshipCaspase 2Neuroprotective AgentsRNA, Small Interfering

Identifiers

PMID21677688
PMCPMC3168996
OpenAlexW2034921833

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.