Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21671135›Full record

ArticlePharmaceutical research2011

Disulfide scrambling in IgG2 monoclonal antibodies: insights from molecular dynamics simulations.

Xiaoling Wang, Sandeep Kumar, Satish K Singh

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Article in Pharmaceutical research, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
15citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

15 citing papers in PubMed.

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  6. Characterizing Thermal Transitions of IgG with Mass Spectrometry.Journal of the American Society for Mass Spectrometry · 2019
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Xiaoling WangPharmaceutical Research and Development, BioTherapeutics Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pfizer Inc., 700 Chesterfield Parkway West, Chesterfield, Missouri 63017, USA.
Sandeep Kumar
Satish K Singh

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo explore potential non-canonical disulfide linkages feasible in human IgG2 mAbs via molecular dynamics simulations of a model system, Hinge(++).

methodsHinge(++) is derived from the crystal structure of a full-length murine IgG2a antibody by replacing its core hinge region with human IgG2 hinge. Fv and C(H)3 domains were discarded to speed up calculations. Eight independent simulations, grouped in four sets, were performed. In the control set, disulfide bonding is identical to canonical human IgG2 mAb. Different numbers of disulfide bonds were broken in the remaining three sets.

resultsTwo Fabs move towards Fc asymmetrically repeatedly leading to spatial proximity of LC.Cys214 and HC.Cys128 residues in one Fab with Cys residues in the upper hinge region, which could initiate disulfide scrambling. Local dynamics place the eight hinge region Cys residues in a large number of proximal positions which could facilitate non-canonical inter- and intra- heavy chain disulfide linkages in the hinge region.

conclusionConsistent with experimental studies, our simulations indicate inter-chain disulfide linkages in human IgG2 mAbs are degenerate. Potential rational design strategies to devise hinge stabilized human IgG2 mAbs are gleaned.

Indexed as

Molecular Dynamics SimulationAmino Acid SequenceAnimalsAntibodies, MonoclonalDisulfidesHumansImmunoglobulin GMiceMolecular Sequence DataProtein ConformationAntibodies, MonoclonalDisulfidesImmunoglobulin G

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.