ArticlePharmaceutical research2011
Novel mitochondria-targeted antioxidants: plastoquinone conjugated with cationic plant alkaloids berberine and palmatine.
Article in Pharmaceutical research, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 67 citations in OpenAlex.
- A novel photosensitizer berberine derivative B12 induces apoptosis and suppresses HIF-1α expression in colorectal cancer cells via mitochondria-to-nucleus sequential-targeting.Acta pharmacologica Sinica · 2026Article
- Article
- The critical role of mitochondrial lipid peroxidation in ferroptosis: insights from recent studies.Biophysical reviews · 2023Review
- Conjugates of Chloramphenicol Amine and Berberine as Antimicrobial Agents.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Article
- Pathobiological mechanisms underlying metabolic syndrome (MetS) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): clinical significance and therapeutic strategies.Pharmacology & therapeutics · 2019Review
- Rhizoma Coptidis and Berberine as a Natural Drug to Combat Aging and Aging-Related Diseases via Anti-Oxidation and AMPK Activation.Aging and disease · 2017Review
- New and revisited approaches to preserving the reperfused myocardium.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2017Review
- Expert consensus document: Mitochondrial function as a therapeutic target in heart failure.Nature reviews. Cardiology · 2017Review
- A mitochondrial-targeted coenzyme q analog prevents weight gain and ameliorates hepatic dysfunction in high-fat-fed mice.The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics · 2014Article
- Weak C-H···X (X = O, N) hydrogen bonds in the crystal structure of dihydroberberine.Acta crystallographica. Section C, Structural chemistry · 2014Article
- Mitochondrially targeted nitro-linoleate: a new tool for the study of cardioprotection.British journal of pharmacology · 2014Article
- Cardiac dysfunction and oxidative stress in the metabolic syndrome: an update on antioxidant therapies.Current pharmaceutical design · 2013Review
- Mitochondria targeting of non-peroxidizable triphenylphosphonium conjugated oleic acid protects mouse embryonic cells against apoptosis: role of cardiolipin remodeling.FEBS letters · 2012Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo develop effective mitochondria-targeted antioxidants composed entirely of natural constituents.
methodsNovel mitochondria-targeted antioxidants were synthesized containing plant electron carrier and antioxidant plastoquinone conjugated by nonyloxycarbonylmethyl residue with berberine or palmatine, penetrating cations of plant origin. These compounds, SkQBerb and SkQPalm, were tested in model planar phospholipid membranes and micelles, liposomes, isolated mitochondria and living cells.
resultsSkQBerb and SkQPalm penetrated across planar bilayer phospholipid membrane in their cationic forms and accumulated in mitochondria isolated or in living human cells in culture. Reduced forms of SkQBerb and SkQPalm as well as C10Berb and C10Palm (SkQBerb and SkQPalm analogs lacking plastoquinol moiety) revealed radical scavenging activity in lipid micelles and liposomes, while oxidized forms were inactive. In isolated mitochondria and in living cells, berberine and palmatine moieties were not reduced, so antioxidant activity of C10Berb and C10Palm was not detected. SkQBerb and SkQPalm inhibited lipid peroxidation in isolated mitochondria at nanomolar concentrations; their prooxidant effect was observed at 1,000 times higher concentrations. In human cell cuture, nanomolar SkQBerb and SkQPalm prevented fragmentation of mitochondria and apoptosis induced by exogenous hydrogen peroxide.
conclusionThis is the first successful attempt to construct mitochondria-targeted antioxidants composed entirely of natural components, namely plastoquinone, nonyl, acetyl and berberine or palmatine residues.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.