Trial reportSurgical endoscopy2011
Gaze training enhances laparoscopic technical skill acquisition and multi-tasking performance: a randomized, controlled study.
Trial report in Surgical endoscopy, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Spatial cognition in minimally invasive surgery: a systematic review.BMC surgery · 2018Pooled it
- Implicit and Explicit Motor Learning Interventions Have Similar Effects on Walking Speed in People After Stroke: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Physical therapy · 2021Trial
- Visual attention, EEG alpha power and T7-Fz connectivity are implicated in prosthetic hand control and can be optimized through gaze training.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2019Trial
- High-resolution standardization reduces delay due to workflow disruptions in laparoscopic cholecystectomy.Surgical endoscopy · 2018Trial
- Gaze training improves the retention and transfer of laparoscopic technical skills in novices.Surgical endoscopy · 2013Trial
- Describing What Surgeons See: Visual Orientation Strategies in Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy Across Imaging Conditions.Journal of surgical education · 2026Observational
- Eye-hand coordination during robotic prostate cancer surgery - how surgical vision reflects on instrument kinematics and vice versa.Journal of robotic surgery · 2026Article
- From gaze to proficiency: deep learning-driven prediction of novice performance in laparoscopic training using AOI-dependent metrics.Surgical endoscopy · 2026Article
- Spatiotemporal characteristics of eye-hand coordination among different skill levels in laparoscopic surgery.Surgical endoscopy · 2026Article
- Inspecting the Retina: Oculomotor Patterns and Accuracy in Fundus Image Interpretation by Novice Versus Experienced Eye Care Practitioners.Journal of eye movement research · 2026Article
- Enhancing laparoscopic simulator performance with eye-tracking video feedback: a mixed-methods pilot study.Frontiers in surgery · 2026Article
- Integration of virtual reality and eye-tracking-based feedback system improves rehabilitation observation skills.Frontiers in rehabilitation sciences · 2026Article
- Gaze Characteristics Using a Three-Dimensional Heads-Up Display During Cataract Surgery.Journal of eye movement research · 2025Article
- Comparison Between Scene-Independent and Scene-Dependent Eye Metrics in Assessing Psychomotor Skills.Human factors · 2025Article
- Impact of Reviewing Procedure With Visual Gaze Patterns on Improving Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection Skills.JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2025Article
- Less Is More: Higher-Skilled Sim Racers Allocate Significantly Less Attention to the Track Relative to the Display Features than Lower-Skilled Sim Racers.Vision (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Gaze behavior is related to objective technical skills assessment during virtual reality simulator-based surgical training: a proof of concept.International journal of computer assisted radiology and surgery · 2023Article
- Eye-tracking during simulation-based echocardiography: a feasibility study.BMC medical education · 2023Article
- Differences in gaze behaviors between trainees and experts during endovascular therapy for cerebral aneurysms: a preliminary study using a cerebral aneurysm model.Nagoya journal of medical science · 2023Article
- Gaze patterns reflect and predict expertise in dynamic echocardiographic imaging.Journal of medical imaging (Bellingham, Wash.) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe operating room environment is replete with stressors and distractions that increase the attention demands of what are already complex psychomotor procedures. Contemporary research in other fields (e.g., sport) has revealed that gaze training interventions may support the development of robust movement skills. This current study was designed to examine the utility of gaze training for technical laparoscopic skills and to test performance under multitasking conditions.
methodsThirty medical trainees with no laparoscopic experience were divided randomly into one of three treatment groups: gaze trained (GAZE), movement trained (MOVE), and discovery learning/control (DISCOVERY). Participants were fitted with a Mobile Eye gaze registration system, which measures eye-line of gaze at 25 Hz. Training consisted of ten repetitions of the "eye-hand coordination" task from the LAP Mentor VR laparoscopic surgical simulator while receiving instruction and video feedback (specific to each treatment condition). After training, all participants completed a control test (designed to assess learning) and a multitasking transfer test, in which they completed the procedure while performing a concurrent tone counting task.
resultsNot only did the GAZE group learn more quickly than the MOVE and DISCOVERY groups (faster completion times in the control test), but the performance difference was even more pronounced when multitasking. Differences in gaze control (target locking fixations), rather than tool movement measures (tool path length), underpinned this performance advantage for GAZE training.
conclusionsThese results suggest that although the GAZE intervention focused on training gaze behavior only, there were indirect benefits for movement behaviors and performance efficiency. Additionally, focusing on a single external target when learning, rather than on complex movement patterns, may have freed-up attentional resources that could be applied to concurrent cognitive tasks.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.