ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2011
Direct visualization at the single-cell level of siRNA electrotransfer into cancer cells.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
43 citing papers in PubMed.
- Between defence and delivery: the DNA sensing response to gene electrotransfer.Radiology and oncology · 2025Review
- An atypical form of 60S ribosomal subunit in Diamond-Blackfan anemia linked to RPL17 variants.JCI insight · 2024Article
- A comprehensive comparison of DNA and RNA vaccines.Advanced drug delivery reviews · 2024Review
- Importance of the electrophoresis and pulse energy for siRNA-mediated gene silencing by electroporation in differentiated primary human myotubes.Biomedical engineering online · 2024Article
- Gene Electrotransfer Efficiency in 2D and 3D Cancer Cell Models Using Different Electroporation Protocols: A Comparative Study.Pharmaceutics · 2023Article
- A kinetic modeling platform for predicting the efficacy of siRNA formulationsSTAR protocols · 2022Article
- Effect of Experimental Electrical and Biological Parameters on Gene Transfer by Electroporation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- Recent Advances in Microscale Electroporation.Chemical reviews · 2022Review
- The cellular response to plasma membrane disruption for nanomaterial delivery.Nano convergence · 2022Review
- Article
- A statistical framework for determination of minimal plasmid copy number required for transgene expression in mammalian cells.Bioelectrochemistry (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2021Article
- Serum Protects Cells and Increases Intracellular Delivery of Molecules by Nanoparticle-Mediated Photoporation.International journal of nanomedicine · 2021Article
- Single-Cell Electroporation with Real-Time Impedance Assessment Using a Constriction Microchannel.Micromachines · 2020Article
- Enhancing Cell Viability and Efficiency of Plasmid DNA Electrotransfer Through Reducing Plasma Membrane Permeabilization.Bioelectricity · 2020Article
- Redirecting Vesicular Transport to Improve Nonviral Delivery of Molecular Cargo.Advanced biosystems · 2020Article
- Ribosomal protein gene RPL9 variants can differentially impair ribosome function and cellular metabolism.Nucleic acids research · 2020Article
- A review of emerging physical transfection methods for CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing.Theranostics · 2020Review
- Pulsed Electric Field Treatment Enhances the Cytotoxicity of Plasma-Activated Liquids in a Three-Dimensional Human Colorectal Cancer Cell Model.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Increasing Uptake of Silica Nanoparticles with Electroporation: From Cellular Characterization to Potential Applications.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The RNA interference-mediated gene silencing approach is promising for therapies based on the targeted inhibition of disease-relevant genes. Electropermeabilization is one of the nonviral methods successfully used to transfer siRNA into living cells in vitro and in vivo. Although this approach is effective in the field of gene silencing by RNA interference, very little is known about the basic processes supporting siRNA transfer. In this study, we investigated, by direct visualization at the single-cell level, the delivery of Alexa Fluor 546-labeled siRNA into murine melanoma cells stably expressing the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) as a target gene. The electrotransfer of siRNA was quantified by time lapse fluorescence microscopy and was correlated with the silencing of egfp expression. A direct transfer into the cell cytoplasm of the negatively charged siRNA was observed across the plasma membrane exclusively on the side facing the cathode. When added after electropulsation, the siRNA was inefficient for gene silencing because it did not penetrate the cells. Therefore, we report that an electric field acts on both the permeabilization of the cell plasma membrane and on the electrophoretic drag of the negatively charged siRNA molecules from the bulk phase into the cytoplasm. The transfer kinetics of siRNA are compatible with the creation of nanopores, which are described with the technique of synthetic nanopores. The mechanism involved was clearly specific for the physico-chemical properties of the electrotransferred molecule and was different from that observed with small molecules or plasmid DNA.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.