SynthesisInfluenza and other respiratory viruses2012
Quantitative review of antibody response to inactivated seasonal influenza vaccines.
Synthesis in Influenza and other respiratory viruses, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Immunogenicity of influenza vaccine in elderly people: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, and its association with real-world effectiveness.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2020Pooled it
- Analgesic and adjuvant properties of exercise with vaccinations in healthy young population.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2021Trial
- Immunogenicity and safety of high-dose quadrivalent influenza vaccine in Japanese adults ≥65 years of age: a randomized controlled clinical trial.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2020Trial
- Trial
- Long-Term Immunogenicity and Safety of a Conventional Influenza Vaccine in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2015Trial
- Multivariate analysis of factors affecting the immunogenicity of trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine in school-age children.Epidemiology and infection · 2015Trial
- Immunogenicity and safety assessment of a trivalent, inactivated split influenza vaccine in Korean children: Double-blind, randomized, active-controlled multicenter phase III clinical trial.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2015Trial
- mRNA-based seasonal influenza vaccines: an overview of immunogenicity, efficacy, and safety.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Systems immunology analysis of human immune organoids identifies host-specific correlates of protection to different influenza vaccines.Cell stem cell · 2025Article
- Quantifying the impact of pre-vaccination titre and vaccination history on influenza vaccine immunogenicity.Vaccine · 2025Article
- Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness Against Symptomatic Influenza in Primary Care: A Test Negative Case Control Study Over Two Influenza Seasons 2022/2023 and 2023/2024 in Ireland.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2024Article
- Influenza disease burden and the need for highly immunogenic vaccines in older adults: a narrative review.Ewha medical journal · 2024Review
- Measuring waning protection from seasonal influenza vaccination during nine influenza seasons, Ontario, Canada, 2010/11 to 2018/19.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2024Article
- A Glance on Nanovaccine: A Potential Approach for Disease Prevention.Current pharmaceutical biotechnology · 2024Review
- Cross-sectional Characterization of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Levels and Decay Rates Following Infection of Unvaccinated Elderly Individuals.Open forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- IL-21 enhances influenza vaccine responses in aged macaques with suppressed SIV infection.JCI insight · 2021Article
- SARS-CoV-2 testing and sequencing for international arrivals reveals significant cross border transmission of high risk variants into the United Kingdom.EClinicalMedicine · 2021Article
- Emerging concepts in the science of vaccine adjuvants.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2021Review
- Reduced Influenza B-Specific Postvaccination Antibody Cross-reactivity in the B/Victoria Lineage-Predominant 2019/20 Season.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Article
- Advancements in prophylactic and therapeutic nanovaccines.Acta biomaterialia · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSeasonal influenza epidemics are associated with significant morbidity and mortality each year, particularly amongst young children and the elderly. Seasonal influenza vaccines have been available for decades, yet influenza remains a major public health threat in the US, sparking interest in studies evaluating the effectiveness of vaccination.
objectivesWe sought to identify determinants of serological responses to inactivated seasonal influenza vaccines including number of doses, adjuvant, and subject characteristics.
methodsWe reviewed 60 articles published between 1987 and 2006. We used weighted multiple logistic regression and random-effects models to evaluate how seroconversion and seroprotection rates varied with host and vaccine factors.
resultsBoth children and seniors tended to have poorer immune responses compared to adults whereas use of adjuvant and a second vaccine dose tended to improve immune response. Pre-vaccination serological status had a large impact on the immune response to vaccination. We found substantial heterogeneity among studies, even with similar population settings and vaccination regimen.
conclusionsFuture studies should stratify their results by pre-vaccination serological status in an effort to produce more precise summary estimates of vaccine response.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.