ReviewJournal of women's health (2002)2011
Substance abuse, violence, and HIV in women: a literature review of the syndemic.
Review in Journal of women's health (2002), 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 206 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
206 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Gender-based violence syndemics in global health: A systematic review.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2025Pooled it
- The impact of multiple-behavior HIV interventions as a function of regional disadvantages: An analysis of syndemics.Journal of consulting and clinical psychology · 2023Pooled it
- The role of religiosity and spirituality in interpersonal violence: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999) · 2023Pooled it
- An ecological approach to understanding the impact of sexual violence: a systematic meta-review.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Pooled it
- Interventions that Address Intimate Partner Violence and HIV Among Women: A Systematic Review.AIDS and behavior · 2018Pooled it
- Intimate partner violence and HIV infection among women: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2014Pooled it
- Gender differences among criminal justice-involved persons living with HIV interested in extended-release naltrexone treatment.Substance abuse · 2021Trial
- Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of a Syndemics Intervention with HIV-Positive, Cocaine-Using Women.AIDS and behavior · 2019Trial
- Addressing the nexus of risk: Biobehavioral outcomes from a cluster randomized trial of the Women's Health CoOp Plus in Pretoria, South Africa.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2019Trial
- Improving AIDS Care After Trauma (ImpACT): Pilot Outcomes of a Coping intervention Among HIV-Infected Women with Sexual Trauma in South Africa.AIDS and behavior · 2018Trial
- Efficacy of a Computerized Intervention on HIV and Intimate Partner Violence Among Substance-Using Women in Community Corrections: A Randomized Controlled Trial.American journal of public health · 2016Trial
- Buffering Syndemic Effects in a Sexual Risk-Reduction Intervention for Male Clients of Female Sex Workers: Results From a Randomized Controlled Trial.American journal of public health · 2015Trial
- Psychosocial functioning and depressive symptoms among HIV-positive persons receiving care and treatment in Kenya, Namibia, and Tanzania.Prevention science : the official journal of the Society for Prevention Research · 2014Trial
- Women's Decision-Making about PrEP for HIV Prevention in Drug Treatment Contexts.Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS CareTrial
- Contraceptive and condom use among women from key populations in Myanmar.Harm reduction journal · 2026Article
- Reproductive stage and other risk factors associated with intimate partner violence: a multisite study of women with HIV in the United States.AIDS (London, England) · 2026Article
- Incarceration history and HIV testing among people who inject drugs in the Boston metro area: a pooled cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2026Article
- From Bottles to Bruises: Partner Substance Use, Relationship Dynamics, and the Risk of Intimate Partner Violence in South Africa.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026Article
- Parenting under the triple burden of violence, depression, and poor diet quality: An intergenerational mother-child syndemic in Nepal.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Article
146 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Women in the United States are increasingly affected by HIV/AIDS. The SAVA syndemic-synergistic epidemics of substance abuse, violence, and HIV/AIDS-is highly prevalent among impoverished urban women and potentially associated with poor HIV outcomes. A review of the existing literature found 45 articles that examine SAVA's impact on (1) HIV-associated risk-taking behaviors, (2) mental health, (3) healthcare utilization and medication adherence, and (4) the bidirectional relationship between violence and HIV status. Overall, results confirm the profound impact of violence and victimization and how it is intertwined with poor decision making, increased risk taking and negative health consequences, particularly in the context of substance abuse. Among current findings, there remain diverse and inconsistent definitions for substance abuse, violence, mental illness, adherence, and healthcare utilization that confound interpretation of data. Future studies require standardization and operationalization of definitions for these terms. Development and adaptation of evidence-based interventions that incorporate prevention of violence and management of victimization to target this vulnerable group of women and thereby promote better health outcomes are urgently needed.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.