Trial reportClinical breast cancer2011
Effects of Tai Chi Chuan on insulin and cytokine levels in a randomized controlled pilot study on breast cancer survivors.
Trial report in Clinical breast cancer, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers, 28 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
76 citing papers in PubMed, 28 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 143 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative efficacy of exercise modes on inflammatory cytokines in patients with breast cancer: a systematic review with pairwise and network meta-analyses.Scientific reports · 2026Pooled it
- Which Exercise Prescriptions Improve Physical Fitness in Patients with Breast Cancer Before, During, and Following Treatment? A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Pooled it
- A systematic review and meta-analysis of the mechanism of action of Tai Chi on cardiovascular disease: evidence map of aerobic and mind-body exercise pathways.Scientific reports · 2026Pooled it
- Performance of Tai Chi Chuan and NF-κB-driven proinflammatory gene expression (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α) in adult chronic disease patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Exercise-induced modulation of IGF-1 in healthy, obese, and cancer populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Annals of medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Effectiveness of qigong and Tai Chi for quality of life in patients with cancer: an umbrella review and meta-analysis.BMC complementary medicine and therapies · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of Tai Chi Chuan training on the QoL and psychological well-being in female patients with breast cancer: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Pooled it
- Effects of physical exercise on body fat and laboratory biomarkers in cancer patients: a meta-analysis of 35 randomized controlled trials.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2022Pooled it
- Effects of Traditional Chinese Exercises on Cognitive Function in Older Adults With Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2022Pooled it
- Tai Chi for cancer survivors: A systematic review toward consensus-based guidelines.Cancer medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Effects of Diet and Exercise-Induced Weight Loss on Biomarkers of Inflammation in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2021Pooled it
- Body weight management in overweight and obese breast cancer survivors.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- Psychosocial Interventions and Immune System Function: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.JAMA psychiatry · 2020Pooled it
- Current Evidence on Traditional Chinese Exercise for Cancers: A Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Pooled it
- Effect of Tai Chi Chuan in Breast Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Pooled it
- The effects of Tai Chi on quality of life of cancer survivors: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2019Pooled it
- The Effect of Tai Chi Chuan on Negative Emotions in Non-Clinical Populations: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Pooled it
- Body Composition Outcomes of Tai Chi and Qigong Practice: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.International journal of behavioral medicine · 2018Pooled it
- Ameliorative effects of Tai Chi on cancer-related fatigue: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2018Pooled it
16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundTai Chi Chuan (TCC) is an integrative medicine mind-body practice with a physical activity component that has positive effects on aerobic capacity, muscular strength, and quality of life among cancer survivors, similar to the effects elicited by other modes of moderate-intensity exercise. Inflammatory cytokines and insulin and insulin-related signaling molecules may contribute to weight gain and affect cancer recurrence rates and survival; exercise can curb cancer- and treatment-related weight gain, increase survival, and reduce levels of insulin and inflammatory cytokines. Despite knowing the beneficial effects of conventional exercise interventions on these mediators, little is known about the physiologic effects of TCC on these pathways in breast cancer survivors.
methodsWe assessed the effects of a 12-week, moderately intense, TCC intervention (n = 9) compared with a non-physical activity control (n = 10) consisting of psychosocial support therapy (PST), on levels of insulin, insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-1, insulin growth factor-like binding protein (IGFBP)-1, IGFBP-3, and cytokines interleukin (IL)-6, IL-2, and interferon (IFN)-γ in breast cancer survivors.
resultsLevels of insulin are significantly different in TCC and PST groups; levels remained stable in the TCC group but increased in the PST control group (P = .099). Bivariate analysis revealed novel and significant correlations (all r > 0.45, all P ≤ .05) of both decreased fat mass and increased fat-free mass with increased IL-6 and decreased IL-2 levels.
conclusionsThis pilot study shows that TCC may be associated with maintenance of insulin levels and changes in cytokine levels that may be important for maintenance of lean body mass in breast cancer survivors.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.