ArticleExperimental brain research2011
The rate of force development scaling factor (RFD-SF): protocol, reliability, and muscle comparisons.
Article in Experimental brain research, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- High-Speed Cycling Intervention Improves Rate-Dependent Mobility in Older Adults.Medicine and science in sports and exercise · 2017Trial
- Maximal Handgrip Strength as a Measure of General Functional Capacity Rather than Parkinson's Disease-Specific Impairment.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- A comparison of maximal rate of force development between burst and maximum voluntary contractions: reliability and neuromuscular determinants.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Article
- Insights into Neuromuscular Function in Older Adults from Functional Data Analysis of Time-Dependent Handgrip Strength Curves.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Yank-related changes in corticospinal recruitment gain in humans.Brain research · 2026Article
- Upper-Limb Muscle Fatigability in Para-Athletes Quantified as the Rate of Force Development in Rapid Contractions of Submaximal Amplitude.Journal of functional morphology and kinesiology · 2024Article
- Comparison of strategies for assessment of rate of torque development in older and younger adults.European journal of applied physiology · 2024Article
- Unique Neural Mechanisms Underlying Speed Control of Low-Force Ballistic Contractions.Journal of human kinetics · 2024Article
- Measures of motor segmentation from rapid isometric force pulses are reliable and differentiate Parkinson's disease from age-related slowing.Experimental brain research · 2022Article
- Strength Asymmetries Are Muscle-Specific and Metric-Dependent.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Article
- The rate of force development scaling factor: a review of underlying factors, assessment methods and potential for practical applications.European journal of applied physiology · 2022Review
- Evaluation of The Isometric and Dynamic Rates of Force Development in Multi-Joint Muscle Actions.Journal of human kinetics · 2022Article
- Advancements in the Protocol for Rate of Force Development/Relaxation Scaling Factor Evaluation.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2021Article
- Quantification of Inter-Limb Symmetries With Rate of Force Development and Relaxation Scaling Factor.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Article
- Establishing Reference Values for Isometric Knee Extension and Flexion Strength.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Review
- Inter-Limb Asymmetries in Volleyball Players: Differences between Testing Approaches and Association with Performance.Journal of sports science & medicine · 2020Article
- Temporal cascade of frontal, motor and muscle processes underlying human action-stopping.eLife · 2020Article
- A novel method to assess rate of force relaxation: reliability and comparisons with rate of force development across various muscles.European journal of applied physiology · 2019Article
- The Influence of Verbal Instruction on Measurement Reliability and Explosive Neuromuscular Performance of the Knee Extensors.Journal of human kinetics · 2018Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Performing a set of isometric muscular contractions to varied amplitudes with instructions to generate force most rapidly reveals a strong linear relationship between peak forces (PF) achieved and corresponding peak rates of force development (RFD). The slope of this relationship, termed the RFD scaling factor (RFD-SF), quantifies the extent to which RFD scales with contraction amplitude. Such scaling allows relative invariance in the time required to reach PF regardless of contraction size. Considering the increasing use of this relationship to study quickness and consequences of slowness in older adults and movement disorders, our purpose was to further develop the protocol to measure RFD-SF. Fifteen adults (19-28 years) performed 125 rapid isometric contractions to a variety of force levels in elbow extensors, index finger abductors, and knee extensors, on 2 days. Data were used to determine (1) how the number of pulses affects computation of the RFD-SF, (2) day-to-day reliability of the RFD-SF, and (3) the nature of RFD-SF differences between diverse muscle groups. While sensitive to the number of pulses used in its computation (P<.05), RFD-SF was reliable when computed with >50 pulses (ICC>.7) and more so with 100-125 pulses (ICC=.8-.92). Despite differences in size and function across muscles, RFD-SF was generally similar (i.e., only 8.5% greater in elbow extensors than in index finger abductors and knee extensors; P=.049). Results support this protocol as a reliable means to assess how RFD scales with PF in rapid isometric contractions as well as a simple, non-invasive probe into neuromuscular health.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.