ArticlePLoS genetics2011
CorE from Myxococcus xanthus is a copper-dependent RNA polymerase sigma factor.
Article in PLoS genetics, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
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Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Regulatory Characterization of Two Cop Systems for Copper Resistance inInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Review
- Linking Copper-Associated Signal Transduction Systems with Their Environment in Marine Bacteria.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- The Burkholderia cenocepacia iron starvation σ factor, OrbS, possesses an on-board iron sensor.Nucleic acids research · 2022Article
- Mechanisms of Action of Non-Canonical ECF Sigma Factors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Antimicrobial Activity of Metals and Metalloids.Annual review of microbiology · 2021Review
- The Central Role of Redox-Regulated Switch Proteins in Bacteria.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2021Review
- The novel ECF56 SigG1-RsfG system modulates morphological differentiation and metal-ion homeostasis in Streptomyces tsukubaensis.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Transcriptional regulation by σ factor phosphorylation in bacteria.Nature microbiology · 2020Article
- Evolution of the extracytoplasmic function σ factor protein family.NAR genomics and bioinformatics · 2020Article
- Copper and Melanin Play a Role inFrontiers in microbiology · 2020Article
- Cultivation and functional characterization of 79 planctomycetes uncovers their unique biology.Nature microbiology · 2020Article
- Evolutionary couplings of amino acid residues reveal structure and function of bacterial signaling proteins.Molecular microbiology · 2019Article
- Metal-responsive RNA polymerase extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factors.Molecular microbiology · 2019Review
- CRISPR/dCas9-mediated transcriptional improvement of the biosynthetic gene cluster for the epothilone production in Myxococcus xanthus.Microbial cell factories · 2018Article
- The SCO4117 ECF Sigma Factor Pleiotropically Controls Secondary Metabolism and Morphogenesis inFrontiers in microbiology · 2018Article
- The fused SnoaL_2 domain in the Mycobacterium tuberculosis sigma factor σJ modulates promoter recognition.Nucleic acids research · 2017Article
- In depth analysis of the mechanism of action of metal-dependent sigma factors: characterization of CorE2 from Myxococcus xanthus.Nucleic acids research · 2016Article
- Myxobacteria: Moving, Killing, Feeding, and Surviving Together.Frontiers in microbiology · 2016Review
- Microbial mediation of complex subterranean mineral structures.Scientific reports · 2015Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The dual toxicity/essentiality of copper forces cells to maintain a tightly regulated homeostasis for this metal in all living organisms, from bacteria to humans. Consequently, many genes have previously been reported to participate in copper detoxification in bacteria. Myxococcus xanthus, a prokaryote, encodes many proteins involved in copper homeostasis that are differentially regulated by this metal. A σ factor of the ECF (extracytoplasmic function) family, CorE, has been found to regulate the expression of the multicopper oxidase cuoB, the P1B-type ATPases copA and copB, and a gene encoding a protein with a heavy-metal-associated domain. Characterization of CorE has revealed that it requires copper to bind DNA in vitro. Genes regulated by CorE exhibit a characteristic expression profile, with a peak at 2 h after copper addition. Expression rapidly decreases thereafter to basal levels, although the metal is still present in the medium, indicating that the activity of CorE is modulated by a process of activation and inactivation. The use of monovalent and divalent metals to mimic Cu(I) and Cu(II), respectively, and of additives that favor the formation of the two redox states of this metal, has revealed that CorE is activated by Cu(II) and inactivated by Cu(I). The activation/inactivation properties of CorE reside in a Cys-rich domain located at the C terminus of the protein. Point mutations at these residues have allowed the identification of several Cys involved in the activation and inactivation of CorE. Based on these data, along with comparative genomic studies, a new group of ECF σ factors is proposed, which not only clearly differs mechanistically from the other σ factors so far characterized, but also from other metal regulators.
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