ArticleProceedings. Biological sciences2012
Cambrian stalked echinoderms show unexpected plasticity of arm construction.
Article in Proceedings. Biological sciences, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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9 citing papers in PubMed.
- Comprehensive analysis of Metacrinus rotundus full length transcriptome.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Soft robotics informs how an early echinoderm moved.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
- Cambrian edrioasteroid reveals new mechanism for secondary reduction of the skeleton in echinoderms.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2022Article
- Transcriptomic analysis of Nodal - and BMP- associated genes during development to the juvenile seastar in Parvulastra exigua (Asterinidae).Marine genomics · 2021Article
- Exploring the macrostructural anatomy of dendrochirotid sea cucumber's (Echinodermata) calcareous rings under micro-computed tomography and its bearing on phylogeny.Journal of anatomy · 2021Article
- Transcriptomic analysis of sea star development through metamorphosis to the highly derived pentameral body plan with a focus on neural transcription factors.DNA research : an international journal for rapid publication of reports on genes and genomes · 2020Article
- A stem group echinoderm from the basal Cambrian of China and the origins of Ambulacraria.Nature communications · 2019Article
- Cambrian spiral-plated echinoderms from Gondwana reveal the earliest pentaradial body plan.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2013Article
- Oral region homologies in paleozoic crinoids and other plesiomorphic pentaradial echinoderms.PloS one · 2013Article
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
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Abstract
Feeding arms carrying coelomic extensions of the theca are thought to be unique to crinoids among stemmed echinoderms. However, a new two-armed echinoderm from the earliest Middle Cambrian of Spain displays a highly unexpected morphology. X-ray microtomographic analysis of its arms shows they are polyplated in their proximal part with a dorsal series of uniserial elements enclosing a large coelomic lumen. Distally, the arm transforms into the more standard biserial structure of a blastozoan brachiole. Phylogenetic analysis demonstrates that this taxon lies basal to rhombiferans as sister-group to pleurocystitid and glyptocystitid blastozoans, drawing those clades deep into the Cambrian. We demonstrate that Cambrian echinoderms show surprising variability in the way their appendages are constructed, and that the appendages of at least some blastozoans arose as direct outgrowths of the body in much the same way as the arms of crinoids.
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