Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21652735›Full record

Trial reportNicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco2011

Efficacy of varenicline to prompt quit attempts in smokers not currently trying to quit: a randomized placebo-controlled trial.

John R Hughes, Stephen I Rennard, James R Fingar, Sandy K Talbot, Peter W Callas, Karl O Fagerstrom

Registry-linked trialOpen access · bronzeAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00595868 (Efficacy of Varenicline in Ambivalent Smokers), which is not on this map. Cited by 39 papers, 11 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
39citing papers in PubMed, 11 pooled it
2.8field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT00595868 phase2completednot on this map

Efficacy of Varenicline in Ambivalent Smokers

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of Vermont Medical CenterRan2008 to 2010Enrolled220ConditionsTobacco Use Disorder, Tobacco Use Cessation, Nicotine DependenceArmsVarenicline, Placebo
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

39 citing papers in PubMed, 11 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 69 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Nicotine receptor partial agonists for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023
    Pooled it
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  3. Smoking reduction interventions for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019
    Pooled it
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  6. Interventions to reduce harm from continued tobacco use.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016
    Pooled it
  7. Nicotine receptor partial agonists for smoking cessation.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016
    Pooled it
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  13. A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial of Remote Varenicline Sampling to Promote Treatment Engagement and Smoking Cessation.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2021
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

John R HughesDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05401, USA. john.hughes@uvm.edu
Stephen I Rennard
James R Fingar
Sandy K Talbot
Peter W Callas
Karl O Fagerstrom
University of Vermont · USUniversity of Nebraska Medical Center · US

Funding

REDUCED SMOKING TO PROMPT SMOKING CESSATIONR01DA011557 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT &ST AGRIC COLLEGE · PI HUGHES, JOHN R · 1998 to 2007
$2.7M
NIDA NIH HHS DA-000490NIDA NIH HHS DA011557NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA011557
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionNicotine replacement therapy to aid smoking reduction increases the probability of a future quit attempt among smokers not currently planning to quit smoking. We tested whether varenicline, a partial nicotine agonist, would also increase future quit attempts.

methodsThis randomized, placebo-controlled trial recruited 218 smokers who were interested in quitting but had no plans to quit in the next month. Participants used varenicline (2 mg/day) or placebo for 2-8 weeks plus received brief counseling on methods to reduce cigarettes/day. The primary measure was the incidence of a quit attempt within 6 months of study entry. Secondary measures were point prevalence abstinence, motivation to stop smoking, and reduction in cigarettes/day.

resultsVarenicline increased the incidence of a quit attempt more than placebo at the Nebraska site (73% vs. 41%; p < .001) but not at the Vermont site (45% vs. 51%; p = .45). Varenicline increased most other measures of quit attempts, motivation and abstinence, independent of site. The beneficial effects of varenicline in quit attempts appeared to be mediated by greater reductions in cigarettes/day, dependence, craving, and cigarette satisfaction. Varenicline had a greater effect on quit attempts in less-dependent smokers, in minority smokers, and in those who had less prior cessation or reduction activity. Adverse events were minimal.

conclusionsVarenicline increased quit attempts in smokers who are not currently trying to quit at one of the two study sites and improved most all secondary outcomes independent of site. This appeared to be due to decreasing cigarettes/day and level of dependence.

Indexed as

Smoking PreventionAdultBenzazepinesDirective CounselingDouble-Blind MethodFemaleHumansIncidenceMaleMiddle AgedMotivationNebraskaNicotinic AgonistsPilot ProjectsQuinoxalinesSmokingBenzazepinesNicotinic AgonistsQuinoxalinesVarenicline

Identifiers

PMID21652735
PMCPMC3218639
OpenAlexW2121369880

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.