Trial reportBlood2011
Cyclophosphamide, thalidomide, and dexamethasone (CTD) as initial therapy for patients with multiple myeloma unsuitable for autologous transplantation.
Trial report in Blood, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 75 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Study of Thalidomide, Bendamustine and Dexamethasone (BTD) Versus Bortezomib, Bendamustine and Dexamethasone (BBD) in Patients With Renal Failure Defined as a GFR Below 30 Mls/Min
Carfilzomib and Dexamethasone in Combination With Cyclophosphamide vs. Carfilzomib and Dexamethasone in Patients With Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma: a Phase II Randomized Controlled Trial
A Pilot Study on the Efficacy of Daratumumab in Multiple Myeloma (MM) Patients in >VGPR/MRD-positive by Next Generation Flow
Who cites it
75 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 196 citations in OpenAlex.
- Co-Occurrence of Cytogenetic Abnormalities and High-Risk Disease in Newly Diagnosed and Relapsed/Refractory Multiple Myeloma.Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of frontline regimens for older transplant-ineligible patients with multiple myeloma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of geriatric oncology · 2020Pooled it
- Multiple drug combinations of bortezomib, lenalidomide, and thalidomide for first-line treatment in adults with transplant-ineligible multiple myeloma: a network meta-analysis.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Thalidomide treatment for patients with previously untreated multiple myeloma: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Tumour biology : the journal of the International Society for Oncodevelopmental Biology and Medicine · 2016Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Trial
- Response-adapted intensification with cyclophosphamide, bortezomib, and dexamethasone versus no intensification in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (Myeloma XI): a multicentre, open-label, randomised, phase 3 trial.The Lancet. Haematology · 2019Trial
- A clinical prediction model for outcome and therapy delivery in transplant-ineligible patients with myeloma (UK Myeloma Research Alliance Risk Profile): a development and validation study.The Lancet. Haematology · 2019Trial
- Quality of life during and following sequential treatment of previously untreated patients with multiple myeloma: findings of the Medical Research Council Myeloma IX randomised study.British journal of haematology · 2018Trial
- Serum free light chain levels and renal function at diagnosis in patients with multiple myeloma.BMC nephrology · 2018Trial
- Phase 1/2 study of weekly carfilzomib, cyclophosphamide, dexamethasone in newly diagnosed transplant-ineligible myeloma.Leukemia · 2018Trial
- Benefit of continuous treatment for responders with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma in the randomized FIRST trial.Leukemia · 2017Trial
- IAP antagonists induce anti-tumor immunity in multiple myeloma.Nature medicine · 2016Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- Trial
- Predicting chemotherapy toxicity in multiple myeloma: the prognostic value of pre-treatment serum cytokine levels of interleukin-6, interleukin-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, and vascular endothelial growth factor.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Observational
- Multiple myeloma and Chagas disease: qPCR as a marker for preemptive antiparasitic therapy: a case reports series and review.Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo · 2024Article
- Article
- Newly diagnosed multiple myeloma: making sense of the menu.Hematology. American Society of Hematology. Education Program · 2022Article
15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
18 authors at 9 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
As part of the randomized MRC Myeloma IX trial, we compared an attenuated regimen of cyclophosphamide, thalidomide, and dexamethasone (CTDa; n = 426) with melphalan and prednisolone (MP; n = 423) in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma ineligible for autologous stem-cell transplantation. The primary endpoints were overall response rate, progression-free survival, and overall survival (OS). The overall response rate was significantly higher with CTDa than MP (63.8% vs 32.6%; P < .0001), primarily because of increases in the rate of complete responses (13.1% vs 2.4%) and very good partial responses (16.9% vs 1.7%). Progression-free survival and OS were similar between groups. In this population, OS correlated with the depth of response (P < .0001) and favorable interphase fluorescence in situ hybridization profile (P < .001). CTDa was associated with higher rates of thromboembolic events, constipation, infection, and neuropathy than MP. In elderly patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (median age, 73 years), CTDa produced higher response rates than MP but was not associated with improved survival outcomes. We highlight the importance of cytogenetic profiling at diagnosis and effective management of adverse events. This trial was registered at International Standard Randomized Controlled Trials Number as #68454111.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.