ReviewAnnals of the New York Academy of Sciences2011
Social isolation.
Review in Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 223 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
223 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 522 citations in OpenAlex.
- Older Adults' Social Relationships and Dental Visits: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Gerodontology · 2026Pooled it
- From verbal fluency to naturalistic speech: a scoping review of language correlates of loneliness and social isolation in older adults.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Pooled it
- Social Relationships and Tooth Loss in Adults Aged 60 Years and Older: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Community dentistry and oral epidemiology · 2025Pooled it
- Caring for People with Rare Diseases: A Systematic Review of the Challenges of, and Strategies for Dealing with, COVID-19.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Pooled it
- Systematic Review and Methodological Considerations for the Use of Single Prolonged Stress and Fear Extinction Retention in Rodents.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2021Pooled it
- Systematic review of interventions addressing social isolation and depression in aged care clients.Quality of life research : an international journal of quality of life aspects of treatment, care and rehabilitation · 2016Pooled it
- Move, connect and go outside! A randomized controlled trial of two online interventions and analysis of helpful coping strategies in COVID-19 "homestayers".Applied psychology. Health and well-being · 2025Trial
- Environmental modulation of social isolation-induced sleep loss inbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Loneliness in Focus: Proposing a Resident Curriculum.Academic psychiatry : the journal of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training and the Association for Academic Psychiatry · 2026Article
- Social Physiology: Human homeostasis is more efficient in social proximity.Science advances · 2026Article
- Social Connection and Epigenetic Aging: Insights from DNA Methylation Clocks.Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · 2026Article
- Is my loneliness killing me? Effects of loneliness and social isolation on transitions between cognitive status categories and death.Journal of personality and social psychology · 2026Article
- Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Pediatric Neuropsychiatric Disorders: A Retrospective Study at a Single Center for Child Neurology and Psychiatry.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Adolescent loneliness in the United States: Prevalence, sociodemographic correlates, and psychological health over time.SSM - population health · 2026Article
- Genome-wide association study of social isolation in 63,497 Japanese individuals from the general population.Translational psychiatry · 2026Article
- The impact of social isolation on physical and mental health among empty-nest older adults: an integrative review.Frontiers in public health · 2026Review
- Beyond physical isolation: behavioral correlates and potential neurobiological mechanisms of functional social isolation.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Review
- Associations of social isolation and loneliness with healthcare utilization among older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Innovation in aging · 2026Review
- An index of intergenerational justice: main concepts and preliminary evidence from the Age-It Research Program.The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences · 2025Article
- The (un-)Social Brain in Isolation.Physiological research · 2025Review
163 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Social species, by definition, form organizations that extend beyond the individual. These structures evolved hand in hand with behavioral, neural, hormonal, cellular, and genetic mechanisms to support them because the consequent social behaviors helped these organisms survive, reproduce, and care for offspring sufficiently long that they too reproduced. Social isolation represents a lens through which to investigate these behavioral, neural, hormonal, cellular, and genetic mechanisms. Evidence from human and nonhuman animal studies indicates that isolation heightens sensitivity to social threats (predator evasion) and motivates the renewal of social connections. The effects of perceived isolation in humans share much in common with the effects of experimental manipulations of isolation in nonhuman social species: increased tonic sympathetic tonus and HPA activation; and decreased inflammatory control, immunity, sleep salubrity, and expression of genes regulating glucocorticoid responses. Together, these effects contribute to higher rates of morbidity and mortality in older adults.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.