ArticleJournal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)2011
Plasma sCD14 is a biomarker associated with impaired neurocognitive test performance in attention and learning domains in HIV infection.
Article in Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999), 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 143 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
143 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 224 citations in OpenAlex.
- Pooled it
- Implications and prospects of immunological and neuroimaging research in HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders.Frontiers in neurologyPooled it
- Blue Monday: Co-occurring Stimulant Use and HIV Persistence Predict Dysregulated Catecholamine Synthesis.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2021Trial
- Afternoon distraction: a high-saturated-fat meal and endotoxemia impact postmeal attention in a randomized crossover trial.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2020Trial
- Limited correlation between systemic biomarkers and neurocognitive performance before and during HIV treatment.Journal of neurovirology · 2020Trial
- A Randomized, Double-blinded, Placebo-controlled Trial of Sitagliptin for Reducing Inflammation and Immune Activation in Treated and Suppressed Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2019Trial
- Improved Cognitive Performance and Reduced Monocyte Activation in Virally Suppressed Chronic HIV After Dual CCR2 and CCR5 Antagonism.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2018Trial
- Trial
- Sitagliptin Reduces Inflammation and Chronic Immune Cell Activation in HIV+ Adults With Impaired Glucose Tolerance.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2015Trial
- Switch to raltegravir decreases soluble CD14 in virologically suppressed overweight women: the Women, Integrase and Fat Accumulation Trial.HIV medicine · 2014Trial
- Astrocyte/monocyte activation and inflammation are associated with asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment in people with HIV on suppressive antiretroviral therapy.AIDS (London, England) · 2026Article
- Gut Microbiota Alterations in People Living With HIV: Dysbiosis, Immune Dysfunction and Therapeutic Perspectives.Reviews in medical virology · 2026Review
- Plasma NfL and sCD14 Are Associated with Polypharmacy and Recurrent Falls in Virally Suppressed Older People with HIV.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2026Article
- Associations between plasma biomarkers and changes in cognitive function over two years in people with and without HIV.AIDS (London, England) · 2026Article
- Microbiota as a regulator of brain vulnerability across lifespan and disease contexts.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- Methamphetamine Use in People Living with HIV: Clinical, Neurocognitive, and Blood Biomarker Profiles.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Elevated sCD14 in cerebrospinal fluid: a surrogate marker for HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders in Brazil.AIDS (London, England) · 2026Article
- Soluble CD14 promotes Th17 expansion and differentiation through gamma-aminobutyric acid and expands infidel innate lymphoid cells.PNAS nexus · 2026Article
- Inflammation biomarkers and neurobehavioral performance in rural adolescents.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Article
- HIV and Inflamm-Aging: How Do We Reach the Summit of Healthy Aging?Topics in antiviral medicine · 2024Review
83 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveMild forms of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) remain prevalent in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Although elevated lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and immune activation are implicated in HAND pathogenesis, relationships of LPS and inflammatory markers to mild forms of HAND or impairment in specific cognitive domains are unknown. To examine these relationships, we compared plasma soluble CD14 (sCD14), CCL2, and LPS levels with neurocognitive test scores in a cART era cohort.
methodsWe analyzed plasma from HIV+ subjects (n = 97) with nadir CD4 counts <300 and high frequency of hepatitis C virus coinfection and illicit drug use for relationships between sCD14, CCL2, and LPS levels and neurocognitive test scores.
resultsPlasma sCD14 levels were higher in subjects with test scores indicating global impairment (P = 0.007), particularly in attention and learning domains (P = 0.015 and P = 0.03, respectively), regardless of HAND diagnosis. Plasma sCD14 levels correlated inversely with global, attention, and learning T scores (P = 0.036, 0.047, and 0.007, respectively) and yielded higher area under receiver operating characteristic values for predicting impaired scores than single-marker models based on plasma or cerebrospinal fluid viral load or CD4 count (area under receiver operating characteristic values = 0.71, 0.81, and 0.71, respectively) and in 4-marker models based on plasma sCD14 and 3 conventional markers compared with the 3-marker models.
conclusionsPlasma sCD14 is a biomarker associated with impaired neurocognitive testing in attention and learning domains in HIV-infected individuals with advanced disease, suggesting involvement of cortical and limbic pathways by inflammatory processes in the cART era. Plasma sCD14 is a potential biomarker to monitor HAND progression and therapeutic responses.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.