Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21646338›Full record

ArticleNucleic acids research2011

Homogeneous antibody-based proximity extension assays provide sensitive and specific detection of low-abundant proteins in human blood.

Martin Lundberg, Anna Eriksson, Bonnie Tran, Erika Assarsson, Simon Fredriksson

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nucleic acids research, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 400 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
400citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
4.4field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

400 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 749 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Screening for Circulating Inflammatory Proteins Does Not Reveal Plasma Biomarkers of Constant Tinnitus.Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO · 2023
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  20. Pathway-level proteomics identifies subcellular trafficking dysregulation as a molecular signature in severe traumatic brain injury.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026
    Article

340 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Martin LundbergOlink Bioscience, Uppsala Science Park, 75183 Uppsala, Sweden.
Anna Eriksson
Bonnie Tran
Erika Assarsson
Simon Fredriksson
Olink Bioscience (Sweden) · SE

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Convenient and well-performing protein detection methods for a wide range of targets are in great demand for biomedical research and future diagnostics. Assays without the need for washing steps while still unaffected when analyzing complex biological samples are difficult to develop. Herein, we report a well-characterized nucleic acid proximity-based assay using antibodies, called Proximity Extension Assay (PEA), showing good performance in plasma samples. Target-specific antibody pairs are linked to DNA strands that upon simultaneous binding to the target analyte create a real-time PCR amplicon in a proximity-dependent manner enabled by the action of a DNA polymerase. 3'Exonuclease-capable polymerases were found to be clearly superior in sensitivity over non-3'exonuclease ones. A PEA was set up for IL-8 and GDNF in a user-friendly, homogenous assay displaying femtomolar detection sensitivity, good recovery in human plasma, high specificity and up to 5-log dynamic range in 1 μL samples. Furthermore, we have illustrated the use of a macro-molecular crowding matrix in combination with this homogeneous assay to drive target binding for low-affinity antibodies, thereby improving the sensitivity and increasing affinity reagent availability by lowering assay development dependency on high-affinity antibodies. Assay performance was also confirmed for a multiplex version of PEA.

Indexed as

AntibodiesBlood ProteinsExonucleasesHumansImmunoassayOligonucleotide ProbesPolymerase Chain ReactionWaterAntibodiesBlood ProteinsExonucleasesOligonucleotide ProbesWater

Identifiers

PMID21646338
PMCPMC3159481
OpenAlexW2061538346

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.