ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2011
Conditional substance abuse and dependence by diagnosis of mood or anxiety disorder or schizophrenia in the U.S. population.
Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 92 citations in OpenAlex.
- The epidemiology of benzodiazepine misuse: A systematic review.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2019Pooled it
- A positive association between anxiety disorders and cannabis use or cannabis use disorders in the general population--a meta-analysis of 31 studies.BMC psychiatry · 2014Pooled it
- Effect of Medical Marijuana Card Ownership on Pain, Insomnia, and Affective Disorder Symptoms in Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2022Trial
- Inaccessible mental health care is a risk factor for risky drinking behaviors among cancer survivors: an All of Us survey-based cohort study.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2026Article
- U.S. Cannabis Use Trends at the Intersection of Serious Psychological Distress and Race/Ethnicity, 2008-2019.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Factors associated with hazardous alcohol use in patients with psychiatric disorders: a cross-sectional study in the Neuro-Psycho-Pathological Centre of Kinshasa.BMC psychiatry · 2026Article
- Machine learning for novel phenotyping in schizophrenia.Schizophrenia research · 2025Article
- Global Influence of Cannabis Legalization on Social Media Discourse: Mixed Methods Study.JMIR infodemiology · 2025Article
- Association of Tobacco Dependence Treatment Coverage Expansion With Smoking Behaviors Among Medicaid Beneficiaries Living With Substance Use Disorder.American journal of preventive medicine · 2025Article
- What is schizophrenia - symptomatology.CNS spectrums · 2024Review
- Barriers to accessing pain management services among veterans with bipolar disorder.Health services research · 2023Article
- Sex differences in neural responses to stress and drug cues predicts future drug use in individuals with substance use disorder.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2023Article
- Relationship Between Depression and Risky Alcohol Consumption in Women: the Mediating Role of Coping Styles and Age.International journal of mental health and addiction · 2022Article
- Targeting Unmet Clinical Needs in the Treatment of Alcohol Use Disorder.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2022Review
- A Systematic Approach to Neuropsychiatric Intervention: Functional Neuroanatomy Underlying Symptom Domains as Targets for Treatment.Focus (American Psychiatric Publishing) · 2022Review
- Associations Between Psychiatric Disorders and Alcohol Consumption Levels in an Adult Primary Care Population.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2020Article
- The Neurotransmitters Involved inFrontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2020Review
- Escalation of drug use in persons dually diagnosed with opioid and cocaine dependence: Gender comparison and dimensional predictors.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2019Observational
- An update on cannabis use disorder with comment on the impact of policy related to therapeutic and recreational cannabis use.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2019Review
- Co-Occurring Psychiatric and Substance Use Disorders: Clinical Survey Among a Rural Cohort of Italian Patients.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLittle is known about the association of various psychiatric disorders with the risk of developing dependence or abuse among users of various psychoactive substances (conditional dependence, CD; conditional abuse, CA).
objectivesEvaluate the association of psychiatric disorders with CA only, CD only and CA+CD.
methodSecondary analysis of data from 43,093 non-institutionalized US adults in the first wave (2001-2002) of the National Epidemiological Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. A structured diagnostic interview allowed classification by lifetime psychiatric diagnosis (DSM-IV criteria) and psychoactive substance use. Data were analyzed using weighted proportions, 95% CIs, and weighted logistic regression models to generate odds ratios (OR) adjusted for socio-demographic characteristics.
resultsPsychiatric disorders were associated with higher prevalence of psychoactive substance use, regardless of type of disorder or substance. CA, CD and CA+CD prevalence rates were generally higher than unconditional prevalence rates among respondents with and without psychiatric disorders. Respondents with multiple disorders (mainly mood and anxiety disorders) had higher rates of CA+CD on most, but not all, psychoactive substances (e.g., not heroin), while schizophrenia was associated only with higher rates of tranquilizer CA+CD. Psychiatric disorders had few associations with CA only and CD only on psychoactive substances.
conclusionStudy findings suggest that mood and anxiety disorders are associated with increased prevalence of substance use and increased transition from use to CA and CD, while schizophrenia is associated with increased transition from abstinence to use, especially for marijuana. Findings did not support the self-medication hypothesis of substance use disorders.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.