Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21640069›Full record

ArticleBiochimica et biophysica acta2011

Synthesis and characterization of degradable multivalent cationic lipids with disulfide-bond spacers for gene delivery.

Rahau S Shirazi, Kai K Ewert, Cecilia Leal, Ramsey N Majzoub, Nathan F Bouxsein, Cyrus R Safinya

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In one paragraph

Article in Biochimica et biophysica acta, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
26citing papers in PubMed
2.5field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

26 citing papers in PubMed, 76 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
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  7. Lipid-mRNA nanoparticles landscape for cancer therapy.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2022
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Rahau S ShiraziChemistry and Biochemistry Department, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.
Kai K Ewert
Cecilia Leal
Ramsey N Majzoub
Nathan F Bouxsein
Cyrus R Safinya
University of California, Santa Barbara · US

Funding

Structures of Lipid-DNA Nonviral Gene Delivery Systems 4R01GM059288 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SANTA BARBARA · PI SAFINYA, CYRUS R · 1999 to 2016
$4.2M
NIGMS NIH HHS GM-59288NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM059288
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Gene therapy provides powerful new approaches to curing a large variety of diseases, which are being explored in ongoing worldwide clinical trials. To overcome the limitations of viral gene delivery systems, synthetic nonviral vectors such as cationic liposomes (CLs) are desirable. However, improvements of their efficiency at reduced toxicity and a better understanding of their mechanism of action are required. We present the efficient synthesis of a series of degradable multivalent cationic lipids (CMVLn, n=2 to 5) containing a disulfide bond spacer between headgroup and lipophilic tails. This spacer is designed to be cleaved in the reducing milieu of the cytoplasm and thus decrease lipid toxicity. Small angle X-ray scattering demonstrates that the initially formed lamellar phase of CMVLn-DNA complexes completely disappears when reducing agents such as DTT or the biologically relevant reducing peptide glutathione are added to mimic the intracellular milieu. The CMVLs (n=3 to 5) exhibit reduced cytotoxicity and transfect mammalian cells with efficiencies comparable to those of highly efficient non-degradable analogs and benchmark commercial reagents such as Lipofectamine 2000. Thus, our results demonstrate that degradable disulfide spacers may be used to reduce the cytotoxicity of synthetic nonviral gene delivery carriers without compromising their transfection efficiency.

Indexed as

Gene Transfer TechniquesAnimalsCationsCytoplasmDisulfidesDNAEthidiumFibroblastsGenetic VectorsLightLipidsMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyMiceMicroscopyScattering, RadiationScattering, Small AngleCationsDisulfidesDNAEthidiumLipidsLipofectamine

Identifiers

PMID21640069
PMCPMC3129426
OpenAlexW2102037304

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.