ArticleDiabetes care2011
Etiological approach to characterization of diabetes type: the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study.
Article in Diabetes care, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05219409 (Effects of Sitagliptin in Relatives of Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, at High Risk of Developing the Disease), which is not on this map. Cited by 111 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effects of Sitagliptin in Relatives of Patients With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, at High Risk of Developing the Disease
Who cites it
111 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 184 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Reporting Quality of Machine Learning Studies on Pediatric Diabetes Mellitus: Systematic Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2024Pooled it
- ISPAD Clinical Practice Consensus Guidelines 2018: Definition, epidemiology, and classification of diabetes in children and adolescents.Pediatric diabetes · 2018Guideline
- Meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies in African Americans provides insights into the genetic architecture of type 2 diabetes.PLoS genetics · 2014Pooled it
- Arterial stiffening, insulin resistance and acanthosis nigricans in a community sample of adolescents with obesity.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2017Trial
- Clinical and Metabolic Characteristics among Mexican Children with Different Types of Diabetes Mellitus.PloS one · 2016Trial
- Attenuated Seasonality of Childhood Type 1 Diabetes with Increasing Autoimmune Comorbidities: A 40-year Cohort Study.Irish journal of medical science · 2026Article
- Autoantibody-Positive versus Autoantibody-Negative Type 1 Diabetes in Children: Clinical and Biochemical Characteristics.Hormone research in paediatrics · 2026Article
- Unraveling A-β+ ketosis-prone diabetes: An evolving diagnosis with an elusive pathogenesis.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2026Review
- An Ethical Framework for Addressing the Differential Impact of Systemic Racism and Inequities on Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Youth in the United States.Hormone research in paediatrics · 2025Review
- Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes: What We've Learned From Key Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Studies, What We Still Don't Know, and Why It Is Important.Diabetes care · 2025Review
- Arterial Stiffness Is Related to Diabetes-Associated Microvascular Complications: The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study.Diabetes care · 2025Article
- Article
- Diabetes Study of Children of Diverse Ethnicity and Race: Study design.Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews · 2024Observational
- Uric Acid Is Not Associated With Cardiovascular Health in Youth With Type 1 Diabetes: SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2024Article
- Children and Adolescents With Hybrid Diabetes: A Management Conundrum.Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists · 2024Article
- Effect of date seed (BMJ open · 2023Article
- The effect of progressive endurance training and extract of black winter truffle on proteins levels and expression of hippocampus α-synuclein and HSF1 in the healthy and diabetic rats.Metabolism open · 2023Article
- Review
- Non-Diabetic Kidney Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Changing Spectrum with Therapeutic Ascendancy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Diabetes of Unclear Type in an Adolescent Boy With Multiple Islet-cell Autoantibody Positivity Successfully Managed With Glucagon-like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist Alone: A Case Report.Canadian journal of diabetes · 2023Article
51 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 9 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo describe an etiologic approach to classification of diabetes types in youth based on the 1997 American Diabetes Association (ADA) framework, using data from the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study. RESEARCH DESIGN AND
methodsSEARCH conducted a comprehensive assessment of 2,291 subjects aged <20 years with recently diagnosed diabetes. Using autoimmunity (at least one of two diabetes autoantibodies) and insulin sensitivity (equation validated against hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamps) as the main etiologic markers, we described four categories along a bidimensional spectrum: autoimmune plus insulin-sensitive (IS), autoimmune plus insulin-resistant (IR), nonautoimmune plus IS, and nonautoimmune plus IR. We then explored how characteristics, including genetic susceptibility to autoimmunity (HLA genotypes), insulin deficiency, and clinical factors varied across these four categories.
resultsMost subjects fell into either the autoimmune plus IS (54.5%) or nonautoimmune plus IR categories (15.9%) and had characteristics that align with traditional descriptions of type 1 or type 2 diabetes. The group classified as autoimmune plus IR (19.5%) had similar prevalence and titers of diabetes autoantibodies and similar distribution of HLA risk genotypes to those in the autoimmune plus IS group, suggesting that it includes individuals with type 1 diabetes who are obese. The group classified as nonautoimmune plus IS (10.1%) likely includes individuals with undetected autoimmunity but may also include those with monogenic diabetes and thus requires further testing.
conclusionsThe SEARCH study offers researchers and clinicians a practical application for the etiologic classification of diabetes type and at the same time identifies a group of youths who would benefit from further testing.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.