ArticleThe American journal of psychiatry2011
Progressive gray matter loss and changes in cognitive functioning associated with exposure to herpes simplex virus 1 in schizophrenia: a longitudinal study.
Article in The American journal of psychiatry, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
- Antiherpes virus-specific treatment and cognition in schizophrenia: a test-of-concept randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2013Trial
- Unravelling the Viral Hypothesis of Schizophrenia: A Comprehensive Review of Mechanisms and Evidence.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Herpes Simplex Virus Neurovirulence Across the Human Lifespan.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Review
- Association of viral RNAs in the choroid plexus with bipolar disorder and schizophrenia and evidence for the hepatitis C virus involvement in neuropathology.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- Involvement of virus infections and antiviral agents in schizophrenia.Psychological medicine · 2025Review
- Shared interactions of six neurotropic viruses with 38 human proteins: a computational and literature-based exploration of viral interactions and hijacking of human proteins in neuropsychiatric disorders.Discover mental health · 2025Article
- Early Diagnosis of CNS Virus Infections from Neurological Autoimmune Diseases: A Cross-Sectional Study from China in ER Setting.Brain sciences · 2024Article
- Toll-Like Receptor mRNA Levels in Schizophrenia: Association With Complement Factors and Cingulate Gyrus Cortical Thinning.Schizophrenia bulletin · 2024Article
- Toxoplasma gondii infection associated with inflammasome activation and neuronal injury.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Association between thyroid functions, cognition, and functional connectivity of the brain in early-course schizophrenia: A preliminary study.Industrial psychiatry journal · 2023Article
- Indicators of HSV1 Infection, ECM-Receptor Interaction, and Chromatin Modulation in a Nuclear Family with Schizophrenia.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023Article
- Effect of Cytomegalovirus Infection on the Central Nervous System: Implications for Psychiatric Disorders.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2023Article
- Gene Expressions Preferentially Influence Cortical Thickness of Human Connectome Project Atlas Parcellated Regions in First-Episode Antipsychotic-Naïve Psychoses.Schizophrenia bulletin open · 2023Article
- Herpesvirus Infections in the Human Brain: A Neural Cell Model of the Complement System Derived from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2023Article
- Therapeutic Implications of the Microbial Hypothesis of Mental Illness.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2023Review
- Herpes simplex virus 1 infection on grey matter and general intelligence in severe mental illness.Translational psychiatry · 2022Article
- Abnormal corneal nerve morphology and brain volume in patients with schizophrenia.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Schizophrenia: a Narrative Review of Etiological and Diagnostic Issues.Consortium psychiatricum · 2022Review
- Herpes simplex virus, early neuroimaging markers and incidence of Alzheimer's disease.Translational psychiatry · 2021Article
- From Infection to the Microbiome: An Evolving Role of Microbes in Schizophrenia.Current topics in behavioral neurosciences · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveLongitudinal changes in gray matter volume and cognitive performance were evaluated among individuals exposed to neurotropic herpes simplex virus subtype 1 (HSV1). There is a replicable association of HSV1 exposure with smaller prefrontal volumes and cognitive impairments in schizophrenia.
methodThe authors concurrently examined the whole-brain longitudinal trajectory over 1 year of gray matter volumes and executive functioning measured with the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test among 26 first-episode antipsychotic-naive subjects with schizophrenia and 38 healthy subjects. Age, gender, socioeconomic status, and exposure to cytomegalovirus (another virus of the herpes family that was previously associated with cognitive impairments) were the covariates.
resultsSignificant gray matter loss in the posterior cingulate gyrus was noted among the HSV1-seropositive schizophrenia subjects over 1 year but not among other groups. Prefrontal gray matter volumes did not show longitudinal changes. Binomial mixed-effects models indicated that improvement over 1 year in Wisconsin Card Sorting Test categories completed and perseverative errors occurred in significantly fewer HSV1-seropositive schizophrenia subjects than in the HSV1-seronegative schizophrenia subjects or the healthy subjects regardless of serological status. Three-way interactions of diagnosis, HSV1 status, and time were significant for both categories completed and perseverative errors. An increase in perseverative errors over 1 year, but not the change in the number of categories completed, correlated with longitudinal volume loss of the posterior cingulate gyrus.
conclusionsThese observations suggest that HSV1 exposure may be associated with longitudinal gray matter loss in the posterior cingulate gyrus and decline in executive functioning among subjects with schizophrenia.
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