ArticleInternational journal of cancer2012
The age-specific prevalence of human papillomavirus and risk of cytologic abnormalities in rural Nigeria: implications for screen-and-treat strategies.
Article in International journal of cancer, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00804466 (Epidemiologic and Molecular Features of Cervical Cancer in Nigeria - Project Itoju), which is not on this map. Cited by 36 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Epidemiologic and Molecular Features of Cervical Cancer in Nigeria - Project Itoju (Care)
Who cites it
36 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 59 citations in OpenAlex.
- High-risk human papillomavirus infection among Nigerian women: A systematic review and meta-analysis.The Journal of international medical research · 2023Pooled it
- The pattern of human papillomavirus infection and genotypes among Nigerian women from 1999 to 2019: a systematic review.Annals of medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Prevalence and Type Distribution of Human Papillomavirus Recovered from the Uterine Cervix of Nigerian Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-AnalysisAsian Pacific journal of cancer prevention : APJCP · 2020Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Recruiting population controls for case-control studies in sub-Saharan Africa: The Ghana Breast Health Study.PloS one · 2019Trial
- Difference in overall and age-specific prevalence of high-risk human papillomavirus infection in Italy: evidence from NTCC trial.BMC infectious diseases · 2013Trial
- Challenging the assumption that experience- and training-related factors improve accuracy of cervical cancer screening image interpretation: Evidence from Tanzania.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Validation of a simplified HPV genotyping assay designed for cervical screening in low-resource settings.Journal of clinical microbiology · 2025Article
- Human papillomavirus serotypes and determinants among women with invasive cervical cancer in Katsina state, Northwest-Nigeria: a multicentre study.Ecancermedicalscience · 2024Article
- Human papillomavirus infections in low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion in Peruvian pregnant woman: A cross-sectional cytology-based study.Health science reports · 2022Article
- Redesign of a rapid, low-cost HPV typing assay to support risk-based cervical screening and management.International journal of cancer · 2022Article
- Association of HPV35 with cervical carcinogenesis among women of African ancestry: Evidence of viral-host interaction with implications for disease intervention.International journal of cancer · 2020Article
- Design and feasibility of a novel program of cervical screening in Nigeria: self-sampled HPV testing paired with visual triage.Infectious agents and cancer · 2020Article
- Comparison between self sampling and provider collected samples for Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) testing in a Nigerian facility.The Pan African medical journal · 2018Article
- Randomized trial evaluating self-sampling for HPV DNA based tests for cervical cancer screening in Nigeria.Infectious agents and cancer · 2017Article
- Prevalence and risk factors for genital high-risk human papillomavirus infection among women attending the out-patient clinics of a university teaching hospital in Lagos, Nigeria.The Pan African medical journal · 2017Article
- Persistent Low-Risk and High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infections of the Uterine Cervix in HIV-Negative and HIV-Positive Women.Frontiers in public health · 2017Article
- Differences in age-specific HPV prevalence between self-collected and health personnel collected specimen in a cross-sectional study in Ghana.Infectious agents and cancer · 2017Article
- Prevalence of and Associated Risk Factors for High Risk Human Papillomavirus among Sexually Active Women, Swaziland.PloS one · 2017Article
- Human papillomavirus infection in Rwanda at the moment of implementation of a national HPV vaccination programme.BMC infectious diseases · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Cervical screening for carcinogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is being considered for low-income countries. Effectiveness requires targeted screening in older women in whom prevalent infections are more likely to be persistent and predictive of precancer. Some studies in West Africa have found unusually high HPV prevalences across all adult ages, which may reduce the positive predictive value (PPV) of HPV-based screening, if positivity in older women does not sufficiently predict elevated risk. We conducted a population-based study in rural Nigeria to identify HPV prevalence and associated cervical abnormalities. Using stratified random sampling, we enrolled women age 15+. Nonvirgins had a cervical exam including liquid-based cytology and PCR HPV DNA testing from residual cytology specimens. Two-thirds of invited women participated, and 14.7% had detectable carcinogenic HPV, a proportion that did not decline with age (p-trend = 0.36) and showed slight peaks in the 15-29 and 60-69 age groups. Among women of the age typically considered for screen-and-treat programs (30-49 years), 12.8% were HPV positive, and the PPV for high-grade or worse cytology was 16.4%. Comparatively, women age < 30 were more likely to be HPV positive (18.9%, p = 0.03) with a lower PPV (4.2% p = 0.05). Among women age 50+ (typically excluded from screening in resource-poor settings because inexpensive treatment is not available), HPV positivity was 14.2% with a PPV of 13.9%. In Irun and similar settings where HPV does not decline with age, HPV-based screen-and-treat programs might be feasible for mid-adult women because prevalence is sufficiently low and positivity predicts elevated risk of more easily treated precancer.
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Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.