Trial reportPsychopharmacology2011
Prompt but inefficient: nicotine differentially modulates discrete components of attention.
Trial report in Psychopharmacology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 99 citations in OpenAlex.
- Three weeks of SSRI administration enhances the visual perceptual threshold - a randomized placebo-controlled study.Psychopharmacology · 2019Trial
- Single-session transcranial direct current stimulation induces enduring enhancement of visual processing speed in patients with major depression.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2017Trial
- Effects of nicotine on response inhibition and interference control.Psychopharmacology · 2017Trial
- Moderation of nicotine effects on covert orienting of attention tasks by poor placebo performance and cue validity.Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior · 2016Trial
- Open and Calm--a randomized controlled trial evaluating a public stress reduction program in Denmark.BMC public health · 2015Trial
- Association between serum cotinine levels and cognitive function in Americans aged 60 and older: A cross-sectional study.Medicine · 2026Article
- Implicit learning across varying temporal scales in individuals with and without mood instability.Journal of affective disorders · 2026Article
- Article
- Protocol optimization and reducing dropout in online research.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2023Article
- Posterior Intraparietal Sulcus Mediates Detection of Salient Stimuli Outside the Endogenous Focus of Attention.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2022Article
- Behavioural and neural effects of eccentricity and visual field during covert visuospatial attention.Neuroimage. Reports · 2021Article
- Neurochemistry of Visual Attention.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2021Review
- Independent and Combined Effects of Nicotine or Chronic Tobacco Smoking and HIV on the Brain: A Review of Preclinical and Clinical Studies.Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology : the official journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology · 2020Review
- Neurophysiological Vigilance Characterisation and Assessment: Laboratory and Realistic Validations Involving Professional Air Traffic Controllers.Brain sciences · 2020Article
- Modulating the interhemispheric activity balance in the intraparietal sulcus using real-time fMRI neurofeedback: Development and proof-of-concept.NeuroImage. Clinical · 2020Article
- Faster Visual Information Processing in Video Gamers Is Associated With EEG Alpha Amplitude Modulation.Frontiers in psychology · 2020Article
- Cognitive performance effects of nicotine and industry affiliation: a systematic review.Substance abuse : research and treatment · 2020Article
- Dissociable Catecholaminergic Modulation of Visual Attention: Differential Effects of Catechol-O-Methyltransferase and Dopamine Beta-Hydroxylase Genes on Visual Attention.Neuroscience · 2019Article
- Vigilance Decrement and Enhancement Techniques: A Review.Brain sciences · 2019Review
- Interferon-free therapy in hepatitis C virus (HCV) monoinfected and HCV/HIV coinfected patients: effect on cognitive function, fatigue, and mental health.Journal of neurovirology · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
rationaleNicotine has been shown to improve both memory and attention when assessed through speeded motor responses. Since very few studies have assessed effects of nicotine on visual attention using measures that are uncontaminated by motoric effects, nicotine's attentional effects may, at least partially, be due to speeding of motor function.
objectivesUsing an unspeeded, accuracy-based test, the CombiTVA paradigm, we examined whether nicotine enhances attention when it is measured independently of motor processing.
methodsWe modelled data with a computational theory of visual attention (TVA; Bundesen 1990) so as to derive independent estimates of several distinct components of attention from performance of the single task: threshold of visual perception, perceptual processing speed, visual short-term memory storage capacity and top-down controlled selectivity. Acute effects of nicotine (2 mg gum) on performance were assessed in 24 healthy young non-smokers in a placebo-controlled counterbalanced, crossover design. Chronic effects of nicotine were investigated in 24 age- and education-matched minimally deprived smokers.
resultsBoth an acute dose of nicotine in non-smokers and chronic nicotine use in temporarily abstaining smokers improved perceptual thresholds but slowed subsequent perceptual speed. Moreover, both acute and chronic nicotine use reduced attentional selectivity though visual short-term memory capacity was unimpaired.
conclusionsNicotine differentially affected discrete components of visual attention, with acute and chronic doses revealing identical patterns of performance. We challenge prior reports of nicotine-induced speeding of information processing by showing, for the first time, that nicotine slows down perceptual processing speed when assessed using accuracy-based measures of cognitive performance.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.