Evidence map›Paper›PMID 21626386›Full record

ReviewEuropean journal of epidemiology2011

Epidemiology and etiology of Parkinson's disease: a review of the evidence.

Karin Wirdefeldt, Hans-Olov Adami, Philip Cole, Dimitrios Trichopoulos, Jack Mandel

2 registry-linked trialsOpen access · greenAbstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in European journal of epidemiology, 2011. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 506 papers, 17 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
506citing papers in PubMed, 17 pooled it
47.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT03994328 completednot on this mapstarted 2019, after this paper: background citation

An Observational, Prospective, Multinational, Multicentre Study Comparing the Effectiveness of Safinamide, Rasagiline and Other "Standard Of Care" as Add-On Therapy to Levodopa (L-Dopa) in Parkinson's Disease (Pd) Fluctuating Patients

TypeobservationalSponsorZambon SpARan2019 to 2023Enrolled1,235ConditionsParkinson's Disease
NCT05621642 naunknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2022, after this paper: background citation

The Effect of Telerehabilitation-Based Exercise Training on Breathing, Balance and Gait Parameters in Parkinson's Patients

TypeinterventionalSponsorIstanbul University - CerrahpasaRan2022 to 2023Enrolled40ConditionsParkinson Disease, Respiration, Gait Disorders, NeurologicArmsBreathing exercises, Core stabilization exercises, Balance and strengthening exercises
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

506 citing papers in PubMed, 17 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 1,192 citations in OpenAlex.

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  8. Impact of aging on animal models of Parkinson's disease.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2022
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  17. Treatment of Dysphagia in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020
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446 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 4 institutions in 3 countries.

Karin WirdefeldtDepartment of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. karin.wirdefeldt@ki.se
Hans-Olov Adami
Philip Cole
Dimitrios Trichopoulos
Jack Mandel
Boston University · USAlabama Department of Public Health · USKarolinska Institutet · SEUniversity of Toronto · CA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The etiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) is not well understood but likely to involve both genetic and environmental factors. Incidence and prevalence estimates vary to a large extent-at least partly due to methodological differences between studies-but are consistently higher in men than in women. Several genes that cause familial as well as sporadic PD have been identified and familial aggregation studies support a genetic component. Despite a vast literature on lifestyle and environmental possible risk or protection factors, consistent findings are few. There is compelling evidence for protective effects of smoking and coffee, but the biologic mechanisms for these possibly causal relations are poorly understood. Uric acid also seems to be associated with lower PD risk. Evidence that one or several pesticides increase PD risk is suggestive but further research is needed to identify specific compounds that may play a causal role. Evidence is limited on the role of metals, other chemicals and magnetic fields. Important methodological limitations include crude classification of exposure, low frequency and intensity of exposure, inadequate sample size, potential for confounding, retrospective study designs and lack of consistent diagnostic criteria for PD. Studies that assessed possible shared etiological components between PD and other diseases show that REM sleep behavior disorder and mental illness increase PD risk and that PD patients have lower cancer risk, but methodological concerns exist. Future epidemiologic studies of PD should be large, include detailed quantifications of exposure, and collect information on environmental exposures as well as genetic polymorphisms.

Indexed as

Genetic Predisposition to DiseaseAge FactorsAlcohol DrinkingComorbidityDiagnosis, DifferentialDietEnvironmental ExposureHumansMagneticsMetalsOccupational ExposureOrganic ChemicalsParkinson DiseasePesticidesPolymorphism, GeneticResidence CharacteristicsMetalsOrganic ChemicalsPesticides

Identifiers

PMID21626386
OpenAlexW2152276356

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.