Trial reportEuropean journal of nutrition2012
Probiotics and dietary counselling targeting maternal dietary fat intake modifies breast milk fatty acids and cytokines.
Trial report in European journal of nutrition, 2012. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT00167700 (Nutrition, Allergy, Mucosal Immunology and Intestinal Microbiota), which is not on this map. Cited by 24 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Nutrition, Allergy, Mucosal Immunology and Intestinal Microbiota (NAMI): Pre-, Peri- and Postnatal Programming and Origins of Disease: Early Targeting the Epidemics of Allergy and Overweight
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 54 citations in OpenAlex.
- Implementation of Postpartum Nutritional Interventions in Healthcare, Community and eHealth: A Systematic Review.Maternal and child health journal · 2024Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Maternal probiotic supplementation for prevention of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2018Pooled it
- Dietary advice interventions in pregnancy for preventing gestational diabetes mellitus.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- The impact of fish oil and/or probiotics on serum fatty acids and the interaction with low-grade inflammation in pregnant women with overweight and obesity: secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial.The British journal of nutrition · 2024Trial
- The preterm gut microbiota and administration routes of different probiotics: a randomized controlled trial.Pediatric research · 2023Trial
- Effects of probiotic supplements on insulin resistance in gestational diabetes mellitus: A double-blind randomized controlled trial.Journal of diabetes investigation · 2019Trial
- Proportions and concentrations of serum n-3 fatty acids can be increased by dietary counseling during pregnancy.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2013Trial
- Potential and Future Therapeutic Applications of Eicosapentaenoic/Docosahexaenoic Acid and Probiotics in Chronic Low-Grade Inflammation.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- The Impact of Maternal Supplementation of Fish Oil and/or Probiotics During Pregnancy on the Serum Metabolomic Profile From Infancy to Childhood: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial.Current developments in nutrition · 2025Article
- Maternal Extra Virgin Olive Oil Supplementation Enhances Offspring Immune Function: A Preclinical Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Effects of Probiotic Intervention on Markers of Inflammation and Health Outcomes in Women of Reproductive Age and Their Children.Frontiers in nutrition · 2022Review
- Probiotic Supplementation and Human Milk Cytokine Profiles in Japanese Women: A Retrospective Study from an Open-Label Pilot Study.Nutrients · 2021Article
- Review
- Protective Effect of Breastfeeding on the Adverse Health Effects Induced by Air Pollution: Current Evidence and Possible Mechanisms.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2019Review
- Breastfeeding and the Developmental Origins of Asthma: Current Evidence, Possible Mechanisms, and Future Research Priorities.Nutrients · 2018Review
- Human Milk and Allergic Diseases: An Unsolved Puzzle.Nutrients · 2017Review
- What's Normal? Immune Profiling of Human Milk from Healthy Women Living in Different Geographical and Socioeconomic Settings.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Article
- Colostrum and Mature Human Milk of Women from London, Moscow, and Verona: Determinants of Immune Composition.Nutrients · 2016Article
- Effect of Promoter Polymorphisms on Cytokine Concentration in Preterm Breast Milk and Subsequent Infant Outcomes.Journal of human lactation : official journal of International Lactation Consultant Association · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeBreast milk fatty acids possess immunomodulatory properties, and new intervention strategies beyond supplementation of maternal diet with single oils are called for. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of dietary intervention during pregnancy and breastfeeding on breast milk fatty acid and cytokine composition.
methodsPregnant women were randomised into three study groups: dietary intervention with probiotics (diet/probiotic) or with placebo (diet/placebo) and a control group (control/placebo). Dietary intervention included dietary counselling and provision of rapeseed oil-based food products. The probiotics used were Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG and Bifidobacterium lactis Bb12 in combination. Dietary intake was evaluated by food records at every trimester of pregnancy and 1 month postpartum. Breast milk samples were collected after birth (colostrum) and 1 month after delivery for fatty acid and cytokine analysis (n = 125).
resultsDietary intervention improved the quality of fat in the diet. In breast milk, the proportion of α-linolenic acid and total n-3 fatty acids was higher in both dietary intervention groups compared with control group (p < 0.05). In the diet/probiotic group, the γ-linolenic acid content was higher compared with the diet/placebo group (p < 0.05). The concentrations of TNF-α, IL-10, IL-4 and IL-2 were higher in both dietary intervention groups compared with controls, and furthermore, long-chain n-3 fatty acids were associated with several cytokines in colostrum samples.
conclusionThe present intervention demonstrated the possibility of modifying breast milk immunomodulatory factors by dietary means.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.